Ba_0.67‐xY_xSr_0.33Ti_0.995Mn_0.005O₃ (BSTM‐xY, x = 0, 0.003, 0.006, and 0.012) ceramics are synthesized by citrate sol–gel methods and the effect of Y contents on the energy storage properties of BSTM‐xY ceramics is investigated. Dense microstructures with fine grain are observed as Mn and Y codoping. The introduction of Y enhances the dielectric properties and leakage current density of BSTM‐xY ceramics. Mn and Y codoped BST ceramics show enhanced energy storage properties due to the improved microstructure and “slimmer” hysteresis loops with high polarization. The energy efficiency presents good thermal stability and electric field stability as Y doping. The energy density of BSTM‐0.012Y ceramic is about 4 times larger than BSTM ceramic. The energy efficiency of BSTM‐0.012Y ceramic maintains at about 91% at the field range of 30–150 kV cm⁻¹ and at the temperature range of 20–50 °C.

中文翻译：

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Mn和Y共掺杂Ba0.67Sr0.33TiO3陶瓷的储能性能

Ba _{0.67‐ x} Y _x Sr _0.33 Ti _0.995 Mn _0.005 O ₃（BSTM‐ x Y，x  = 0、0.003、0.006和0.012）陶瓷是通过柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法合成的，并且Y含量对储能有影响研究了BSTM- x Y陶瓷的性能。Mn和Y共掺杂可观察到具有细晶粒的致密微观结构。Y的引入增强了BSTM‐ x的介电性能和漏电流密度Y陶瓷。Mn和Y共掺杂的BST陶瓷由于改善了的微观结构和具有高极化的“更薄”的磁滞回线而显示出增强的储能性能。能量效率表现出良好的热稳定性和电场稳定性，就像Y掺杂一样。BSTM-0.012Y陶瓷的能量密度大约是BSTM陶瓷的4倍。在30–150 kV cm ^-1的磁场范围和20–50°C的温度范围内，BSTM‐0.012Y陶瓷的能效保持在91％左右。