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Foliar water and solute absorption: an update
The Plant Journal ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 , DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15090
Victoria Fernández 1 , Eustaquio Gil-Pelegrín 2 , Thomas Eichert 3
Affiliation  

The absorption of water and solutes by plant leaves has been recognised since more than two centuries. Given the polar nature of water and solutes, the mechanisms of foliar uptake have been proposed to be similar for water and electrolytes, including nutrient solutions. Research efforts since the 19th century focussed on characterising the properties of cuticles and applying foliar sprays to crop plants as a tool for improving crop nutrition. This was accompanied by the development of hundreds of studies aimed at characterising the chemical and structural nature of plant cuticles from different species and the mechanisms of cuticular and, to a lower extent, stomatal penetration of water and solutes. The processes involved are complex and will be affected by multiple environmental, physico‐chemical and physiological factors which are only partially clear to date. During the last decades, the body of evidence that water transport across leaf surfaces of native species may contribute to water balances (absorption and loss) at an ecosystem level has grown. Given the potential importance of foliar water absorption for many plant species and ecosystems as shown in recent studies, the aim of this review is to first integrate current knowledge on plant surface composition, structure, wettability and physico‐chemical interactions with surface‐deposited matter. The different mechanisms of foliar absorption of water and electrolytes and experimental procedures for tracing the uptake process are discussed before posing several outstanding questions which should be tackled in future studies.

中文翻译:

叶面水分和溶质吸收:最新情况

自两个多世纪以来,人们就认识到植物叶片对水和溶质的吸收。考虑到水和溶质的极性,已经提出叶吸收的机制对于水和电解质(包括营养液)是相似的。自19世纪以来,研究工作一直集中在表皮特性的表征和将叶面喷雾剂应用于农作物上,作为改善农作物营养的工具。随之而来的是数百项研究的发展,这些研究旨在表征不同物种的植物角质层的化学和结构性质,以及角质层的机制以及在较小程度上水和溶质的气孔渗透的机制。涉及的过程很复杂,并且会受到多种环境的影响,迄今为止尚不清楚的理化和生理因素。在过去的几十年中,越来越多的证据表明,在整个生态系统中,水在本地物种的叶片表面上的传输可能有助于水的平衡(吸收和损失)。鉴于最近的研究表明,叶面吸水对许多植物物种和生态系统具有潜在的重要性,因此本综述的目的是首先整合有关植物表面组成,结构,可湿性以及与表面沉积物质的物理化学相互作用的现有知识。在提出几个尚待进一步研究的突出问题之前,先讨论了叶面吸收水和电解质的不同机制以及追踪吸收过程的实验程序。越来越多的证据表明,越过原生物种的叶片表面进行水运输可能会促进生态系统水平上的水平衡(吸收和损失)。鉴于最近的研究表明,叶面吸水对许多植物物种和生态系统具有潜在的重要性,因此本综述的目的是首先整合有关植物表面组成,结构,可湿性以及与表面沉积物质的物理化学相互作用的现有知识。在提出几个尚待进一步研究的突出问题之前,先讨论了叶面吸收水和电解质的不同机制以及追踪吸收过程的实验程序。越来越多的证据表明,越过原生物种的叶片表面进行水运输可能会促进生态系统水平上的水平衡(吸收和损失)。鉴于最近的研究表明,叶面吸水对许多植物物种和生态系统具有潜在的重要性,因此本综述的目的是首先整合有关植物表面组成,结构,可湿性以及与表面沉积物质的物理化学相互作用的现有知识。在提出几个尚待进一步研究的突出问题之前,先讨论了叶片吸收水和电解质的不同机制以及追踪吸收过程的实验程序。
更新日期:2020-11-21
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