The study investigated the anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, immunity, and gut microbiota modulation in mice (n = 60; 15 mice/group) after intragastric administration of walnut oil (WO; three groups (low (LD), medium (MD), and high doses (HD): 2.5, 5, and 10 ml/kg, respectively) and normal control (NC, saline). WO significantly increased the median villous height/crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) in intestinal mucosa. WO exerted the anti‐inflammatory effects by decreasing the expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in the duodenal mucosa. All groups shared 157 operational taxonomic units (OTUs; 97% similarity) representing nine phyla. The relative abundance in gut microbiota shifted from more pathogenic bacteria‐Helicobacter (NC: 22% versus MD: 3%) toward probiotic‐Lactobacillus (NC: 19% versus MD: 40%). The immune organ index (spleen) and contents of secretory immunoglobulin A (S‐IgA) were increased from small intestine. In conclusion, WO decreased the oxidative stress, inflammation, and improved the immunity and beneficial gut microbiota in the mice.

中文翻译：

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核桃油对小鼠肠道抗氧化剂，抗炎，免疫和肠道菌群的调节作用

该研究调查了 在胡桃油（WO；三组（低（LD）），中（MD）的胃内给药后，小鼠（n = 60； 15只小鼠/组）的抗氧化，抗炎，免疫和肠道微生物群调节。），高剂量（HD）：分别为2.5、5和10 ml / kg）和正常对照组（NC，盐水）。WO显着增加了绒毛中位高度/隐窝深度（VH / CD）的比率，肠粘膜中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px），WO通过降低十二指肠粘膜中的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达发挥抗炎作用，所有组共有157个手术代表9个门的分类单位（OTU;相似度为97％）。肠道菌群的相对丰度从更多致病菌转移到幽门螺杆菌（NC：22％，MD：3％）对益生菌-乳酸杆菌（NC：19％，MD：40％）。小肠的免疫器官指数（脾脏）和分泌性免疫球蛋白A（S-IgA）含量增加。总之，WO降低了小鼠的氧化应激，炎症并提高了免疫力和有益的肠道菌群。