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Diet, trophic interactions and possible ecological role of commercial sharks and batoids in northern Peruvian waters
Journal of Fish Biology ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 , DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14624
Adriana Gonzalez‐Pestana 1 , Jeffrey C. Mangel 1, 2 , Eliana Alfaro‐Córdova 1, 3 , Nicolas Acuña‐Perales 1, 4 , Francisco Córdova‐Zavaleta 1, 4 , Eduardo Segura‐Cobeña 1, 5 , Diego Benites 6 , Maximiliano Espinoza 6 , Javier Coasaca‐Céspedes 3 , Astrid Jiménez 1, 6 , Sergio Pingo 1, 6 , Victor Moscoso 3 , Joanna Alfaro‐Shigueto 1, 3 , Pepe Espinoza 3, 7
Affiliation  

The Peruvian sea represents one of the most productive ocean ecosystems and possesses one of the largest elasmobranch fisheries in the Pacific Ocean. Ecosystem-based management of these fisheries will require information on the trophic ecology of elasmobranchs. This study aimed to understand the diet, trophic interactions and the role of nine commercial elasmobranch species in northern Peru through the analysis of stomach contents. A total of 865 non-empty stomachs were analyzed. Off northern Peru, elasmobranchs function as upper-trophic-level species consuming 78 prey items, predominantly teleosts and cephalopods. Two distinctive trophic assemblages were identified: (1) sharks (smooth hammerhead shark Sphyrna zygaena, thresher shark Alopias spp. and blue shark Prionace glauca) that feed mainly on cephalopods in the pelagic ecosystem; and (2) sharks and batoids (Chilean eagle ray Myliobatis chilensis, humpback smooth-hound Mustelus whitneyi, spotted houndshark Triakis maculata, Pacific guitarfish Pseudobatos planiceps, copper shark Carcharhinus brachyurus, and school shark Galeorhinus galeus) that feed mainly on teleosts and invertebrates in the benthonic and pelagic coastal ecosystem. This study reveals for the first time the diet of T. maculata and the importance of elasmobranchs as predators of abundant and commercial species (i.e. Jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas and Peruvian anchovy Engraulis ringens). The results of this study can assist in the design of an ecosystem-based management for the northern Peruvian sea and the conservation of these highly exploited, threatened or poorly understood group of predators in one of the most productive marine ecosystems.

中文翻译:

秘鲁北部水域商业鲨鱼和蝙蝠的饮食、营养相互作用和可能的生态作用

秘鲁海是生产力最高的海洋生态系统之一,拥有太平洋最大的弹鳃类渔业之一。对这些渔业的基于生态系统的管理将需要有关弹鳃类动物营养生态学的信息。本研究旨在通过对胃内容物的分析,了解秘鲁北部 9 种商业棘皮动物的饮食、营养相互作用和作用。共分析了 865 个非空腹。在秘鲁北部,韧皮科动物作为上营养级物种,消耗 78 种猎物,主要是硬骨鱼和头足类动物。确定了两种独特的营养组合:(1)鲨鱼(双髻鲨 Sphyrna zygaena、长尾鲨 Alopias spp. 和蓝鲨 Prionace glauca),主要以中上层生态系统中的头足类动物为食;(2) 鲨鱼和蝙蝠类动物(智利鹰鳐 Myliobatis chilensis、座头平滑猎犬 Mustelus whitneyi、斑点猎犬 Triakis maculata、太平洋吉他鱼 Pseudobatos planiceps、铜鲨 Carcharhinus brachyurus 和主要以硬骨鱼类为食的学校鲨鱼 Galeorhinus)底栖和远洋沿海生态系统。这项研究首次揭示了斑纹鳀的饮食以及弹鳃类作为丰富的商业物种(即巨型鱿鱼 Dosidicus gigas 和秘鲁鳀鱼 Engraulis ringens)捕食者的重要性。这项研究的结果有助于为秘鲁北部海域设计基于生态系统的管理,并在生产力最高的海洋生态系统之一中保护这些高度开发、受到威胁或知之甚少的捕食者群体。
更新日期:2020-12-15
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