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Evaluating intraspecific variation in insect trait analysis
Ecological Entomology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-22 , DOI: 10.1111/een.12984
Giorgio Gentile 1 , Simona Bonelli 1 , Federico Riva 2
Affiliation  

Intraspecific variation plays important roles in ecology and evolution. Yet, information on how species and populations vary remains scarce, particularly for insects and regarding functional traits. This lack of knowledge can be problematic in trait‐based ecology because traditional approaches assume negligible intraspecific variation, even for analyses that assess highly variable taxa. We measured 291 Arctic fritillary butterflies (Boloria chariclea) to assess the intraspecific variation in one population of this species, evaluating (i) how wingspan of Arctic fritillaries varies in relation to the other species of its community, and (ii) how well wingspan, a measure of body size, predicts weight, a measure of body mass. Wingspan of Arctic fritillaries varied between 2.62 and 4.07 cm, with the 95% interval range, including ∼33% (14/42) of the species in the community, and ∼30% (84/279) of the butterflies of Canada. The relationship between wingspan and weight was significant (βwingspan = 0.002, SE = 0.0008, P < 0.001), but relatively weak (R2adj = 0.31, F2,288 = 67.82, P < 0.001). We discuss our findings in relation to the assumption of species homogeneity and the use of proxies in the analysis of species traits, complementing our case study with simulations to illustrate how intraspecific and interspecific variation interact in determining when traditional trait analyses are robust. We suggest entomologists interested in trait analyses should critically evaluate how intraspecific variation could affect their inference, especially when evaluating species that are highly sexually dimorphic, phenotypically plastic, and/or distributed across broad environmental and spatial clines.

中文翻译:

评估昆虫性状分析中的种内变异

种内变异在生态学和进化中起着重要作用。然而,关于物种和种群如何变化的信息仍然很少,特别是关于昆虫和功能性状的信息。这种知识的缺乏在基于特征的生态学中可能会出现问题,因为传统方法假设种内变异可以忽略不计,即使对于评估高度可变的分类群的分析也是如此。我们测量了 291 只北极贝母蝴蝶 (Boloria chariclea) 以评估该物种一个种群的种内变异,评估 (i) 北极贝母的翼展与其群落中的其他物种相比如何变化,以及 (ii) 翼展如何,体型的量度,预测体重,体重的量度。北极贝母的翼展在 2.62 到 4.07 厘米之间,间隔范围为 95%,包括群落中约 33% (14/42) 的物种和加拿大蝴蝶的约 30% (84/279)。翼展与体重的关系显着(βwingspan = 0.002, SE = 0.0008, P < 0.001),但相对较弱(R2adj = 0.31, F2,288 = 67.82, P < 0.001)。我们讨论了与物种同质性假设和在物种特征分析中使用代理相关的发现,通过模拟补充我们的案例研究,以说明种内和种间变异如何相互作用,以确定传统特征分析何时有效。我们建议对性状分析感兴趣的昆虫学家应该批判性地评估种内变异如何影响他们的推断,特别是在评估高度两性异形、表型可塑性的物种时,
更新日期:2020-11-22
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