Whalers Bay (WB), Deception Island, is an environment that can drastically change its temperature within a few meters. The main forms of life inhabiting this environment are microorganisms, which, due to the high diversity and their adaptive potential, can survive and thrive under harsh stress conditions. However, the genetic potential and mechanisms to cope with fluctuating adverse conditions as well as what extent environmental variations shape the microbial community over the years it is still unknown in Antarctic environments. In this work, sediments collected in a transect in Whalers Bay, Deception Island, during the Austral Summers of 2014, 2015 and 2017 were analyzed using shotgun metagenomics. Sequence data were further processed with the SqueezeMeta tool for assembly, gene prediction, mapping, taxonomic and functional annotations. Results showed that stress-related functions had the influence of temperatures and solar radiation observed in the years of 2015 and 2017. The most differentiated functions were the ones related to oxidative stress, comparing 2014 vs 2015 and 2014 vs 2017. The genes coding for HSP20 and oxidoreductases (nrdH, grxA, korC and korD), as well as the genes clpE, cspL, and operons mtrAB and vicKR, were differentially enriched between the years, most of them found in gram-positive bacteria. The selective pressures of temperature and radiation may have favored the growth of gram-positive bacteria in 2017, with emphasis on Arthrobacter genus. Data gathered in this work showed that temperature and solar radiation could potentially be the primary driving forces shaping the repertoire of stress-response genes for the maintenance of microbial diversity in WB Antarctic sediments.

欺骗岛的鲸鱼湾（WB）是一个可以在几米之内急剧改变温度的环境。居住在这种环境中的主要生命形式是微生物，由于其高度的多样性及其适应性潜力，它们可以在恶劣的压力条件下生存并繁衍生息。但是，多年来在南极环境中尚不清楚的遗传潜力和应对不利条件波动的机制，以及环境变化在多大程度上影响了微生物群落。在这项工作中，使用shot弹枪宏基因组学分析了2014年，2015年和2017年南半球夏季，在欺骗岛Whalers湾的样带中收集的沉积物。使用SqueezeMeta工具进一步处理序列数据，以进行组装，基因预测，作图，分类学和功能注释。nrd H，grx A，kor C和kor D）以及clp E，csp L和操纵子mtr AB和vic KR在这几年间差异性富集，其中大多数在革兰氏阳性细菌中发现。温度和辐射的选择性压力可能在2017年有利于革兰氏阳性细菌的生长，重点是节杆菌属。这项工作中收集到的数据表明，温度和太阳辐射可能是塑造压力响应基因库的主要驱动力，以维持WB南极沉积物中的微生物多样性。