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GLP-1 preserves β cell function via improvement on islet insulin signaling in high fat diet feeding mice
Neuropeptides ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102110
Heng Yang 1 , Shuo Wang 1 , Yingchun Ye 1 , Min Xie 1 , Yubin Li 1 , Hong Jin 1 , Jing Li 1 , Ling Gao 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown that Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) treatment can protect β cell function, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. We hypothesized that GLP-1 may protect β cell function via its action on insulin signaling pathway. METHODS Mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD, 20 weeks) in the presence or absence of GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide) treatment. The islet structure was demonstrated by HE staining. Immunofluorescence antibodies targeting insulin and glucagon were used to illustrate α and β cell distribution. The insulin and glucagon abundance was measured by ELISA using pancreatic homogenates. The molecules involved in insulin signaling pathway (IRc, IRS1, IRS2, mTOR) in islet were examined with immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. The effect of IRS1 silencing on mTOR and apoptosis were examined on NIT cells(β cell line)with immunoblotting and flow cytometry. RESULTS HE and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the normal structure of islet was deformed in HFD mice but preserved by exenatide. Insulin and glucagon contents were increased in islet and blood stream of HFD mice (HFD vs. Control, p<0.05) but resumed by exenatide. Meanwhile the expressions of IRc, IRS-1, mTOR from insulin signaling pathway and β cell apoptosis in the pancreas were significantly reduced (p<0.05) by HFD but reversed by exenatide. CONCLUSION Exenatide improved insulin signaling pathway that was suppressed by HFD in mice islet. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of the protective effects of GLP-1 on β cell function.

中文翻译:

GLP-1通过改善高脂肪饮食喂养小鼠的胰岛胰岛素信号来保护β细胞功能

背景大量研究表明,胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)治疗可以保护β细胞功能,但其确切机制尚不清楚。我们假设 GLP-1 可能通过其对胰岛素信号通路的作用来保护 β 细胞功能。方法 在存在或不存在 GLP-1 受体激动剂(艾塞那肽)治疗的情况下,用高脂肪饮食(HFD,20 周)喂养小鼠。HE染色证实胰岛结构。使用靶向胰岛素和胰高血糖素的免疫荧光抗体来说明 α 和 β 细胞分布。使用胰腺匀浆通过ELISA测量胰岛素和胰高血糖素丰度。用免疫组织化学和免疫印迹检查胰岛中参与胰岛素信号通路的分子(IRc、IRS1、IRS2、mTOR)。用免疫印迹和流式细胞术检测 NIT 细胞(β 细胞系)上 IRS1 沉默对 mTOR 和细胞凋亡的影响。结果 HE和免疫荧光染色表明HFD小鼠胰岛的正常结构变形,但艾塞那肽保留。胰岛素和胰高血糖素含量在 HFD 小鼠的胰岛和血流中增加(HFD 与对照,p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽恢复。同时,HFD可显着降低胰腺中IRc、IRS-1、mTOR和胰岛β细胞凋亡的表达(p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽逆转。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。结果 HE和免疫荧光染色表明HFD小鼠胰岛的正常结构变形,但艾塞那肽保留。胰岛素和胰高血糖素含量在 HFD 小鼠的胰岛和血流中增加(HFD 与对照,p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽恢复。同时,HFD可显着降低胰腺中IRc、IRS-1、mTOR和胰岛β细胞凋亡的表达(p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽逆转。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。结果 HE和免疫荧光染色表明HFD小鼠胰岛的正常结构变形,但艾塞那肽保留。胰岛素和胰高血糖素含量在 HFD 小鼠的胰岛和血流中增加(HFD 与对照,p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽恢复。同时,HFD可显着降低胰腺中IRc、IRS-1、mTOR和胰岛β细胞凋亡的表达(p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽逆转。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。胰岛素和胰高血糖素含量在 HFD 小鼠的胰岛和血流中增加(HFD 与对照,p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽恢复。同时,HFD可显着降低胰腺中IRc、IRS-1、mTOR和胰岛β细胞凋亡的表达(p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽逆转。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。胰岛素和胰高血糖素含量在 HFD 小鼠的胰岛和血流中增加(HFD 与对照,p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽恢复。同时,HFD可显着降低胰腺中IRc、IRS-1、mTOR和胰岛β细胞凋亡的表达(p<0.05),但被艾塞那肽逆转。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。结论艾塞那肽改善了在小鼠胰岛中被 HFD 抑制的胰岛素信号通路。我们的结果揭示了 GLP-1 对 β 细胞功能保护作用的新机制。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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