Background

The levels of a number of essential and toxic trace elements in organs and tissues are affected by the disruptions in body homeostasis caused by obesity. Some of these elements may also be influenced by the consumption of biologically active substances of polyphenolic origin, which possess potent abilities to complex with transition metal ions.

Aims

The aim of this study was to determine the content of essential and toxic trace elements in Wistar outbred and hereditary obese Zucker Lepr^fa (Z) rats consuming a standard balanced diet or hypercaloric diet with excess fat and fructose, supplemented with quercetin or not supplemented.

Materials and methods

Male Wistar and Z rats were fed a control AIN-93M-based semi-synthetic diet or a high-fat-high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD, with 30% fat by weight and 20% fructose provided in the drinking water). A portion of the animals in each line and diet group was administered quercetin at 50 mg/kg body weight. Essential trace elements were included in the diets as a high-purity salt mixture. After the termination of feeding on day 63, the livers, kidneys, and brains of the rats were excised and the content of 16 elements (Fe, Mg, Cu, Mn, Co, Se, Zn, Cr, Ni, Al, Cd, As, Pb, V, Cs, and Ag) was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Results

In the livers of the Z rats, the contents of Co, Zn, Mg, Fe, Se, and V were reduced and the content of Cr was increased compared to that of the Wistar rats. Supplementation with quercetin significantly decreased liver Fe, V, and Se content, which was more noticeable in the Wistar rats than in the Z rats. In kidneys of Z rats consuming control diet, the contents of Co, Cu, and Cs were decreased whereas those of Ni, Al, and Se were increased compared with the contents in the Wistar rats. The same trend was observed with HFCD feeding except for Cs content. Quercetin reduced kidney V content in both rat lines fed both diets, whereas it reduced Se and Cs only in the Z rats fed control diet. In the brains of the Z rats, a large increase was observed in some trace elements including Pb, Cd, Al, Cr, Ni, Fe, and V compared with the levels in the Wistar rat brains. Supplementation of the control diet with quercetin decreased Al and Ni in the brains of the Z rats.

Conclusion

There were significant differences in the mineral content of organs between the Wistar and Z rats, with different propensities for obesity. Moreover some of these effects had no straightforward association with decreased feed consumption or hepatic fat accumulation. When introduced into the diets, quercetin affected the content of essential and toxic elements, but with ambiguous physiological significance. Thus, indicators of essential and toxic trace elements deserve to be used in the protocols of preclinical as well as clinical trials of biologically active substances and food supplements.

中文翻译：

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服用槲皮素的肥胖Wistar和Zucker leprfa大鼠器官中必需和有毒微量元素的含量

背景

器官和组织中许多必需和有毒微量元素的水平受到肥胖引起的身体稳态破坏的影响。其中一些元素也可能受到多酚来源的生物活性物质消耗的影响，这些物质具有与过渡金属离子络合的强大能力。

宗旨

本研究的目的是确定 Wistar 远交和遗传性肥胖 Zucker Lepr ^fa (Z) 大鼠的必需和有毒微量元素的含量，这些大鼠消耗标准均衡饮食或高热量饮食，含有过多的脂肪和果糖，补充或不补充槲皮素。

材料和方法

雄性 Wistar 和 Z 大鼠被喂食基于 AIN-93M 的对照半合成饮食或高脂肪高碳水化合物饮食（HFCD，在饮用水中提供 30% 的脂肪和 20% 的果糖）。每个品系和饮食组中的一部分动物以50mg/kg体重施用槲皮素。必需微量元素以高纯度盐混合物的形式包含在饮食中。第63天停止喂食后，切除大鼠的肝脏、肾脏和大脑，并测定16种元素（Fe、Mg、Cu、Mn、Co、Se、Zn、Cr、Ni、Al、Cd、 As、Pb、V、Cs 和 Ag）通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法 (ICP-MS) 进行测量。

结果

与Wistar大鼠相比，Z大鼠肝脏中Co、Zn、Mg、Fe、Se、V含量降低，Cr含量升高。补充槲皮素可显着降低肝脏 Fe、V 和 Se 的含量，这在 Wistar 大鼠中比在 Z 大鼠中更为明显。与 Wistar 大鼠相比，食用对照饮食的 Z 大鼠肾脏中 Co、Cu 和 Cs 的含量降低，而 Ni、Al 和 Se 的含量增加。除了 Cs 含量外，在 HFCD 进料中观察到相同的趋势。槲皮素降低了喂食两种饮食的两种大鼠品系的肾脏 V 含量，而它仅在喂食对照饮食的 Z 大鼠中降低了 Se 和 Cs。在Z大鼠的大脑中，观察到一些微量元素包括Pb、Cd、Al、Cr、Ni、Fe、和 V 与 Wistar 大鼠大脑中的水平进行比较。用槲皮素补充对照饮食可降低 Z 大鼠大脑中的铝和镍。

结论

Wistar和Z大鼠器官矿物质含量存在显着差异，具有不同的肥胖倾向。此外，其中一些影响与饲料消耗减少或肝脏脂肪积累没有直接关联。当引入饮食时，槲皮素会影响必需元素和有毒元素的含量，但生理意义不明确。因此，必需和有毒微量元素的指标值得在生物活性物质和食品补充剂的临床前和临床试验方案中使用。