Accurate characterization of subsurface geophysical properties and detection of the fault system are essential for geothermal energy exploration and production. The Soda Lake geothermal field is in western Nevada with a complex fault system. Previous seismic characterization only produced a low-resolution, smooth velocity model along with a simple, conceptual fault model. Using optimized correlation-based full-waveform inversion, wavefield-separation-based reverse-time migration, and automatic fault detection techniques, we present 3D seismic characterization for the Soda Lake geothermal field using 3D surface seismic data acquired with Vibroseis sources. We obtain 3D high-resolution velocity, density, and acoustic impedance models, 3D seismic images with different grid spacings, and a high-resolution fault system. Consistency check between the constructed faults and currently active injection and production geothermal wells verifies that our seismic inversion and imaging results and detected faults are reliable. These results can provide valuable information for optimizing well placement and geothermal energy production at the Soda Lake geothermal field.

中文翻译：

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苏打湖地热田三维地震表征与成像

地下地球物理特性的准确表征和断层系统的检测对于地热能勘探和生产至关重要。苏打湖地热田位于内华达州西部，断层系统复杂。以前的地震表征只产生了一个低分辨率、平滑的速度模型以及一个简单的概念断层模型。使用优化的基于相关性的全波形反演、基于波场分离的逆时偏移和自动断层检测技术，我们使用由 Vibroseis 源获取的 3D 地表地震数据展示了 Soda Lake 地热田的 3D 地震表征。我们获得了 3D 高分辨率速度、密度和声阻抗模型、具有不同网格间距的 3D 地震图像和高分辨率断层系统。已构建断层与目前活跃的注入和生产地热井之间的一致性检查验证了我们的地震反演和成像结果以及检测到的断层是可靠的。这些结果可以为优化苏打湖地热田的井位和地热能生产提供有价值的信息。