This review aims to discuss the application and development of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology in the field of rock mechanics and the mechanical behaviors of 3D-printed specimens on the basis of various available printing materials. This review begins with a brief description of the concepts and principles associated with 3DP, and then systematically elaborates the five major applications of 3DP technology in the field of rock mechanics, namely, the preparation of rock (including pre-flawed rock) specimens, preparation of joints, preparation of geophysical models, reconstruction of complex rock structures, and performance of bridging experimental testing and numerical simulation. Meanwhile, the mechanical performance of 3D-printed specimens created using six different printing materials, such as polymers, resin, gypsum, sand, ceramics, and rock-like geological materials, is reviewed in detail. Subsequently, some improvements that can make these 3Dprinted specimens close to natural rocks and some limitations of 3DP technology in the application of rock mechanics are discussed. Some prospects that are required to be investigated in the future are also proposed. Finally, a brief summary is presented. This review suggests that 3DP technology, especially when integrated with other advanced technologies, such as computed tomography scanning and 3D scanning, has great potential in rock mechanics field.

这篇综述旨在根据各种可用的印刷材料，讨论三维打印（3DP）技术在岩石力学和3D打印标本的力学行为方面的应用和发展。这篇综述首先简要介绍了与3DP相关的概念和原理，然后系统地阐述了3DP技术在岩石力学领域中的五个主要应用，即岩石（包括预先破碎的岩石）样品的制备，制备节理，地球物理模型的准备，复杂岩石结构的重建以及桥接实验测试和数值模拟的性能。同时，使用六种不同的印刷材料（例如聚合物，树脂，石膏，砂，陶瓷，和岩石状的地质材料，进行了详细的审查。随后，讨论了可以使这些3D打印样本接近天然岩石的一些改进措施，以及3DP技术在岩石力学应用中的一些局限性。还提出了一些将来需要研究的前景。最后，给出了一个简短的总结。这项审查表明3DP技术，尤其是与其他先进技术（例如计算机断层扫描和3D扫描）集成时，在岩石力学领域具有巨大的潜力。还提出了一些将来需要研究的前景。最后，给出了一个简短的总结。这项审查表明3DP技术，尤其是与其他先进技术（例如计算机断层扫描和3D扫描）集成时，在岩石力学领域具有巨大的潜力。还提出了一些将来需要研究的前景。最后，给出了一个简短的总结。这项审查表明3DP技术，尤其是与其他先进技术（例如计算机断层扫描和3D扫描）集成时，在岩石力学领域具有巨大的潜力。