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Viral Lysis Alters the Optical Properties and Biological Availability of Dissolved Organic Matter Derived from Prochlorococcus Picocyanobacteria
Applied and Environmental Microbiology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 , DOI: 10.1128/aem.02271-20
Xilin Xiao 1 , Weidong Guo 1 , Xiaolin Li 1 , Chao Wang 1 , Xiaowei Chen 1 , Xingqin Lin 2 , Markus G Weinbauer 3 , Qinglu Zeng 2, 4 , Nianzhi Jiao 5 , Rui Zhang 5
Affiliation  

Phytoplankton contribute almost half of the world's total primary production. The exudates and viral lysates of phytoplankton are two important forms of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic environments and fuel heterotrophic prokaryotic metabolism. However, the effect of viral infection on the composition and biological availability of phytoplankton-released DOM is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the optical characteristics and microbial utilization of the exudates and viral lysates of the ecologically important unicellular picophytoplankton Prochlorococcus. Our results showed that Prochlorococcus DOM produced by viral lysis (Pro-vDOM) with phages of three different morphotypes (myovirus P-HM2, siphovirus P-HS2, and podovirus P-SSP7) had higher humic-like fluorescence intensities, lower absorption coefficients, and higher spectral slopes than DOM exuded by Prochlorococcus (Pro-exudate). The results indicate that viral infection altered the composition of Prochlorococcus-derived DOM and might contribute to the pool of oceanic humic-like DOM. Incubation with Pro-vDOM resulted in a greater dissolved organic carbon (DOC) degradation rate and lower absorption spectral slope and heterotrophic bacterial growth rate than incubation with Pro-exudate, suggesting that Pro-vDOM was more bioavailable than Pro-exudate. In addition, the stimulated microbial community succession trajectories were significantly different between the Pro-exudate and Pro-vDOM treatments, indicating that viral lysates play an important role in shaping the heterotrophic bacterial community. Our study demonstrated that viral lysis altered the chemical composition and biological availability of DOM derived from Prochlorococcus, which is the numerically dominant phytoplankton in the oligotrophic ocean.

中文翻译:

病毒裂解改变光学性质和溶解的有机物质从原绿球藻Picocyanobacteria衍生。

浮游植物占世界初级总产量的近一半。浮游植物的渗出液和病毒裂解液是水生环境中溶解有机物(DOM)和燃料异养原核代谢的两种重要形式。然而,人们对病毒感染对浮游植物释放的DOM的组成和生物利用度的影响了解甚少。在这里,我们研究了具有重要生态意义的单细胞微藻浮游细菌Prochlorococcus的渗出液和病毒裂解液的光学特性和微生物利用。我们的结果表明,原球菌通过病毒裂解(Pro-vDOM)与三种不同形态类型的噬菌体(肌病毒P-HM2,siphovirus P-HS2和足病毒P-SSP7)产生的DOM具有比类腐殖质更高的荧光强度,更低的吸收系数和更高的光谱斜率原球菌(Pro-exudate)渗出的DOM 。结果表明,病毒感染改变了球菌的成分派生的DOM,并且可能有助于形成类似海洋腐殖质的DOM。与Pro-exDOM孵育相比,Pro-vDOM孵育导致更高的溶解有机碳(DOC)降解速率,更低的吸收光谱斜率和异养细菌生长速率,这表明Pro-vDOM比Pro-exudate更具生物利用度。此外,在渗出液和Pro-vDOM处理之间,受刺激的微生物群落演替轨迹显着不同,表明病毒裂解物在塑造异养细菌群落中起着重要作用。我们的研究表明,病毒裂解改变了源自原绿球菌(Prochlorococcus)的DOM的化学组成和生物利用度,原绿球菌是贫营养型海洋中数量优势的浮游植物。
更新日期:2021-01-15
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