Diadromy, the predictable movements of individuals between marine and freshwater environments, is biogeographically and phylogenetically widespread across fishes. Thus, despite the high energetic and potential fitness costs involved in moving between distinct environments, diadromy appears to be an effective life history strategy. Yet, the origin and molecular mechanisms that underpin this migratory behavior are not fully understood. In this review, we aim first to summarize what is known about diadromy in fishes; this includes the phylogenetic relationship among diadromous species, a description of the main hypotheses regarding its origin, and a discussion of the presence of non-migratory populations within diadromous species. Second, we discuss how recent research based on -omics approaches (chiefly genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics) is beginning to provide answers to questions on the genetic bases and origin(s) of diadromy. Finally, we suggest future directions for -omics research that can help tackle questions on the evolution of diadromy.

Diadromy是个体在海洋和淡水环境之间可预测的运动，在鱼类的生物地理和系统发育上广泛存在。因此，尽管在不同环境之间移动涉及高昂的精力和潜在的健身成本，但透皮疗法似乎是一种有效的生活史策略。但是，尚未完全了解这种迁徙行为的起源和分子机制。在这篇综述中，我们的目的是首先总结一下鱼类中的透皮病。其中包括双翅目物种之间的系统发育关系，有关其起源的主要假设的描述以及对双翅目物种中非迁徙种群的存在的讨论。其次，我们讨论基于-组学方法的最新研究（主要是基因组学，转录组学，和表观基因组学）开始提供有关二价代的遗传基础和起源问题的答案。最后，我们提出了组学研究的未来方向，可以帮助解决有关透磁法演变的问题。