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Pupil dilation during orienting of attention and conscious detection of visual targets in patients with left spatial neglect
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.021
Stefano Lasaponara 1 , Gianfranco Fortunato 2 , David Conversi 3 , Michele Pellegrino 4 , Mario Pinto 5 , Donald Louis Collins 6 , Francesco Tomaiuolo 7 , Fabrizio Doricchi 4
Affiliation  

Right Brain-Damaged patients (RBD) with left spatial neglect (N+), are characterised by deficits in orienting and re-orienting attention to stimuli in the contralesional left side of space. In a recent ERPs study with visual stimuli (Lasaponara et al., 2018) we have pointed out that the pathological attentional bias of N+ is matched with exaggerated novelty reaction and contextual updating of targets in the right ipsilesional space and reduced novelty reaction and contextual updating of targets in the left contralesional space. To characterise further the attentional performance of N+, here we measured Pupil Dilation (PDil), which is a reliable marker of noradrenergic-locus coeruleus activity and response to unexpected events/rewards. Compared to Neutral and Valid targets, N+ patients displayed a pathological reduction of PDil in response to infrequent Invalid targets in the left side of space, while in Healthy Controls (HC) and RBD without neglect (N-) the same targets enhanced PDil with respect to Neutral and frequent Valid targets. Invalid targets in the right side of space enhanced PDil in all experimental groups. Interestingly, both N- and N+ showed a consistent number of target omissions both in the left and right side of space. With respect to seen targets, N- showed reduced PDil in response to unseen targets both in the left and right side of space. In contrast, N+ had reduced PDil in response to unseen targets in the left side of space though not in the right side, where seen and unseen targets evoked comparable levels of PDil. These results disclose, for the first time, the PDil correlates of spatial attention in left spatial neglect and suggest that the pathological attentional bias suffered by N+ might enhance the autonomic responses reflected in PDil to unseen ipsilesional stimuli. This enhancement can contribute to biasing contextual updating and predictive coding of stimuli in the ipsilesional space, thus worsening the pathological attentional bias of N+.



中文翻译:

左空间忽视患者的注意力定向和视觉目标的有意识检测过程中的瞳孔扩张

患有左空间疏忽(N +)的右脑损伤患者(RBD),其特征在于对空间对侧左侧刺激的定向和重新定向方面的缺陷。在最近的带有视觉刺激的ERPs研究中(Lasaponara等人,2018),我们指出N +的病理注意偏向与夸张的新奇反应和右侧同侧空间目标的上下文更新相匹配,并减少了新颖性反应和上下文更新在左对侧空间的目标。为了进一步表征N +的注意力表现,在这里我们测量了瞳孔扩张(PDil),它是去甲肾上腺皮质轨迹蓝藻活性和对意外事件/奖励的反应的可靠标记。与中立和有效目标相比,N +患者对空间左侧很少见的无效靶点表现出PDil的病理学降低,而在健康对照(HC)和RBD中不忽略(N-),相同的靶点相对于中性和频繁有效靶点,PDil增强。在空间右侧的无效靶标增强了所有实验组的PDil。有趣的是,N-和N +在空间的左侧和右侧都显示出一致数量的目标遗漏。关于可见目标,N-显示出对空间左侧和右侧中未看见目标的响应的PDil降低。相比之下,N +降低了对空间左侧左侧看不见目标的反应的PDil,而并非在右侧右侧,可见和不可见目标诱发了相当水平的PDil。这些结果首次揭示了 PDil与左空间疏忽中的空间注意相关,并提示N +引起的病理注意偏倚可能会增强PDil中反映的对看不见的同侧刺激的自主反应。这种增强可有助于偏向同侧空间中刺激的上下文更新和预测编码,从而加剧N +的病理注意偏向。

更新日期:2020-12-10
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