Abstract In this paper an Isogeometric Boundary Element Method for three-dimensional lifting flows based on Morino’s (Morino and Kuo, 1974) formulation is presented. Analysis-suitable T-splines are used for the representation of all boundary surfaces and the unknown perturbation potential is approximated by the same T-spline basis used for the geometry. A novel numerical application of the so-called Kutta condition is introduced that utilises the advantages of isogeometric analysis with regard to the smoothness of the trailing edge curve basis functions. The method shows good agreement with existing experimental results and superior behaviour when compared to a low order panel method. The effect of the tip singularity on Kutta condition is also investigated for different levels of refinement and positions of the trailing edge collocation points.

中文翻译：

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使用 T 样条的 3D 提升流的等几何边界元方法

摘要 本文提出了一种基于 Morino (Morino and Kuo, 1974) 公式的三维升力流等几何边界元方法。适合分析的 T 样条用于表示所有边界表面，未知扰动势由用于几何的相同 T 样条基础近似。引入了所谓的 Kutta 条件的新型数值应用，它利用等几何分析在后缘曲线基函数平滑度方面的优势。与低阶面板方法相比，该方法显示出与现有实验结果的良好一致性和优越的行为。还针对后缘搭配点的不同细化水平和位置研究了尖端奇点对 Kutta 条件的影响。