Abstract Developing the pure carbon materials with ultra-light and excellent electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) performance that aims to solve signal interference or electromagnetic pollution is highly desirable. However, there still remains a huge challenge that whether the pure carbon materials with excellent conductivity can be used as EWA alone and how the performance can be optimized. Keeping the high conductivity and adjusting the relaxation intensity (Δe) at the same time are theoretically found to be the effective way to improve the attenuation of electromagnetic wave and obtain better impedance matching. Herein, the key relationship between Δe and EWA property is proved by theoretical calculation. As the experimental design, the pure carbon absorber, CMF (carbonized melamine foam, the density of 4.34 mg cm−3), which holds highly conductivity and appropriate Δe, exhibits a strong absorption (−57.3 dB) and a wide effective absorption band of 8.32 GHz. It is verified when carbon material possesses excellent conductivity, it is easy to steer the optimized design of Δe toward improving the impedance matching. Meanwhile, the strategy developed here paves a new way for the design of high conductivity and ultralight EWA materials for the practical applications.

中文翻译：

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一种轻量化和优异吸收性能的纯碳材料的理论策略

摘要 开发具有超轻和优异电磁波吸收（EWA）性能的纯碳材料以解决信号干扰或电磁污染是非常必要的。然而，具有优异导电性的纯碳材料是否可以单独用作EWA以及如何优化性能仍然是一个巨大的挑战。理论上发现保持高电导率和同时调整弛豫强度（Δe）是改善电磁波衰减和获得更好阻抗匹配的有效途径。在此，通过理论计算证明了Δe与EWA特性之间的关键关系。作为实验设计，纯碳吸收剂CMF（碳化三聚氰胺泡沫，密度为4.34 mg cm−3），具有高电导率和适当的Δe，表现出强吸收（-57.3 dB）和8.32 GHz的宽有效吸收带。验证了当碳材料具有优异的导电性时，很容易将 Δe 的优化设计转向提高阻抗匹配。同时，这里开发的策略为设计用于实际应用的高电导率和超轻 EWA 材料铺平了道路。