Titania (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) with different morphologies (spherical, rod-shaped, and mixed) were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of different nitric acid (HNO₃)/titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) molar ratios (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.7) at different hydrothermal temperatures (90, 150, 200, and 250 °C), hydrothermal times (6, 12, and 24 h), and calcination temperatures (500, 625, and 750 °C). The crystalline structure, morphology, and surface texture of the obtained TiO₂ NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, and high resolution-transmission electron microscopy analyses. Under a larger HNO₃: TTIP molar ratio, higher hydrothermal temperature, and higher hydrothermal time, the spherical mixed anatase–rutile phase TiO₂ NPs were converted to a nanorod (NR)-shaped rutile phase (TiO₂-R). The TiO₂-R NRs gave the highest methanol conversion level (65%) and hydrogen yield (45%) in the oxidative steam reforming of methanol at 400 °C.

通过水热处理不同硝酸（HNO ₃）/异丙醇钛（IV）（TTIP）摩尔比（0.25，0.5 ），制备具有不同形态（球形，棒状和混合形）的二氧化钛（TiO ₂）纳米粒子，1.0和1.7）在不同的水热温度（90、150、200和250°C），水热时间（6、12和24 h）和煅烧温度（500、625和750°C）下进行。通过X射线衍射，氮吸附-解吸等温线，场发射扫描电子显微镜和高分辨率-透射电子显微镜分析对所得的TiO ₂ NPs的晶体结构，形态和表面织构进行了表征。在更大的HNO _3下：TTIP摩尔比，较高的水热温度和较高的水热时间，将球形混合的锐钛矿-金红石相TiO ₂ NPs转变为纳米棒（NR）形的金红石相（TiO ₂ -R）。TiO ₂ -R NRs在400°C的甲醇氧化蒸汽重整中提供最高的甲醇转化率（65％）和氢气产率（45％）。