The forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) transcription factor is one of the main markers of immunological suppression in different pathological profiles, and the presence of polymorphic variants may alter the gene expression of this factor. Despite descriptions of an association between the presence of the rs2232365 polymorphism and chronic diseases, the role of the sex variant in this context has not yet been elucidated, as the FOXP3 gene is located on the human sex chromosome X. To contribute to this topic, 323 women and 373 men were enrolled in the study, of which 101 were diagnosed with chronic viral liver diseases (39 women and 62 men), 67 with HTLV-1 infection (44 women and 23 men), 230 with coronary artery disease (91 women and 139 men) and 298 healthy and uninfected blood donors (149 women and men). They were genotyped for the rs2232365 polymorphism. The rs2232365 polymorphism was associated with clinical and pathological aspects and biomarkers of viral infections only in men, with functional differences between different infections. A relationship is suggested between sex and FOXP3 rs2232365 polymorphism, resulting in different biological repercussions.

中文翻译：

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性别和FOXP3基因rs2232365多态性可能与慢性病毒性疾病的临床和病理方面有关

叉头盒蛋白 3 (FOXP3) 转录因子是不同病理学中免疫抑制的主要标志物之一，多态性变异的存在可能会改变该因子的基因表达。尽管描述了 rs2232365 多态性的存在与慢性疾病之间的关联，但尚未阐明性别变异在这方面的作用，因为 FOXP3 基因位于人类性染色体 X 上。 323 名女性和 373 名男性参加了该研究，其中 101 名被诊断患有慢性病毒性肝病（39 名女性和 62 名男性），67 名患有 HTLV-1 感染（44 名女性和 23 名男性），230 名患有冠状动脉疾病（91女性和 139 名男性）和 298 名健康且未受感染的献血者（149 名女性和男性）。它们是针对 rs2232365 多态性进行基因分型的。rs2232365 多态性仅与男性病毒感染的临床和病理方面以及生物标志物相关，不同感染之间存在功能差异。性别与 FOXP3 rs2232365 多态性之间存在关系，导致不同的生物学影响。