An Unprecedented Set of High‐Resolution Earth System Simulations for Understanding Multiscale Interactions in Climate Variability and Change,Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

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An Unprecedented Set of High‐Resolution Earth System Simulations for Understanding Multiscale Interactions in Climate Variability and Change
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 , DOI: 10.1029/2020ms002298
Ping Chang _{1,

2,

3} , Shaoqing Zhang _{1,

4,

5} , Gokhan Danabasoglu _{1,

6} , Stephen G. Yeager _{1,

6} , Haohuan Fu _{1,

7,

8} , Hong Wang _{1,

4,

5} , Frederic S. Castruccio _{1,

6} , Yuhu Chen ₉ , James Edwards _{1,

6} , Dan Fu _{1,

2} , Yinglai Jia _{1,

5} , Lucas C. Laurindo _{1,

6} , Xue Liu _{1,

2} , Nan Rosenbloom _{1,

6} , R. Justin Small _{1,

6} , Gaopeng Xu _{1,

2} , Yunhui Zeng ₁₀ , Qiuying Zhang _{1,

2} , Julio Bacmeister _{1,

6} , David A. Bailey _{1,

6} , Xiaohui Duan _{8,

11} , Alice K. DuVivier _{1,

6} , Dapeng Li _{1,

2} , Yuxuan Li ₁₁ , Richard Neale ₆ , Achim Stössel _{1,

2} , Li Wang ₁₀ , Yuan Zhuang ₁₀ , Allison Baker _{1,

6} , Susan Bates ₆ , John Dennis ₆ , Xiliang Diao _{1,

2} , Bolan Gan _{1,

4,

5} , Abishek Gopal _{1,

2} , Dongning Jia ₉ , Zhao Jing _{1,

4,

5} , Xiaohui Ma _{1,

4,

5} , R. Saravanan _{1,

3} , Warren G. Strand ₆ , Jian Tao _{1,

12} , Haiyuan Yang _{1,

4,

5} , Xiaoqi Wang _{1,

2} , Zhiqiang Wei ₉ , Lixin Wu _{4,

5}

Affiliation

International Laboratory for High‐Resolution Earth System Model and Prediction (iHESP) Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
Department of Oceanography Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
Department of Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study/Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (DOMES)/College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao China
National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA
Ministry of Education Key Lab. for Earth System Modeling, and Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China
National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi Wuxi China
Department of Supercomputing Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
Computer Science Center and National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Jinan China
Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China
Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, Texas A&M Institute of Data Science, High‐Performance Research Computing, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

We present an unprecedented set of high‐resolution climate simulations, consisting of a 500‐year pre‐industrial control simulation and a 250‐year historical and future climate simulation from 1850 to 2100. A high‐resolution configuration of the Community Earth System Model version 1.3 (CESM1.3) is used for the simulations with a nominal horizontal resolution of 0.25° for the atmosphere and land models and 0.1° for the ocean and sea‐ice models. At these resolutions, the model permits tropical cyclones and ocean mesoscale eddies, allowing interactions between these synoptic and mesoscale phenomena with large‐scale circulations. An overview of the results from these simulations is provided with a focus on model drift, mean climate, internal modes of variability, representation of the historical and future climates, and extreme events. Comparisons are made to solutions from an identical set of simulations using the standard resolution (nominal 1°) CESM1.3 and to available observations for the historical period to address some key scientific questions concerning the impact and benefit of increasing model horizontal resolution in climate simulations. An emerging prominent feature of the high‐resolution pre‐industrial simulation is the intermittent occurrence of polynyas in the Weddell Sea and its interaction with an Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. Overall, high‐resolution simulations show significant improvements in representing global mean temperature changes, seasonal cycle of sea‐surface temperature and mixed layer depth, extreme events and in relationships between extreme events and climate modes.

中文翻译：

前所未有的一组高分辨率地球系统模拟，用于了解气候变化和变化中的多尺度相互作用

我们提供了一套前所未有的高分辨率气候模拟，包括500年的工业前控制模拟以及1850年至2100年的250年的历史和未来气候模拟。社区地球系统模型版本的高分辨率配置1.3（CESM1.3）用于模拟，大气和陆地模型的名义水平分辨率为0.25°，海洋和海冰模型的名义水平分辨率为0.1°。在这些分辨率下，该模型允许进行热带气旋和海洋中尺度涡旋，从而使这些天气现象和中尺度现象与大尺度环流相互作用。这些模拟的结果概述着重于模型漂移，平均气候，内部变率模式，历史和未来气候的表示以及极端事件。对使用标准分辨率（标称1°）CESM1.3的一组相同模拟进行了比较，并对历史时期的可用观测值进行了比较，以解决一些关键的科学问题，这些问题涉及在气候模拟中提高模型水平分辨率的影响和益处。高分辨率工业前模拟的一个新兴显着特征是，韦德海中波利尼亚的间歇性发生及其与年代际太平洋涛动的相互作用。总体而言，高分辨率模拟显示出在代表全球平均温度变化，海表温度和混合层深度的季节性周期，极端事件以及极端事件与气候模式之间的关系方面的显着改进。

更新日期：2020-12-01

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