Infants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental difficulties in childhood. The extent to which perioperative factors, cardiac physiology, brain injury severity, socioeconomic status, and home environment influence early neurodevelopment is not clear. Sixty‐nine newborns with CHD were recruited from St Thomas’ Hospital. Infants underwent presurgical magnetic resonance imaging on a 3‐Tesla scanner situated on the neonatal unit. At 22 months, children completed the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development‐3rd edition and parents completed the cognitively stimulating parenting scale to assess cognitive stimulation at home. Level of maternal education and total annual household income were also collected. Hospital records were reviewed to calculate days on the intensive care unit post‐surgery, time on bypass during surgery, and days to corrective or definitive palliative surgical intervention. In the final analysis of 56 infants, higher scores on the cognitively stimulating parenting scale were associated with higher cognitive scores at age 22 months, correcting for gestational age at birth, sex, and maternal education. There were no relationships between outcome scores and clinical factors; socioeconomic status; or brain injury severity. Supporting parents to provide a stimulating home environment for children may promote cognitive development in this high‐risk population.

中文翻译：

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先天性心脏病幼儿的认知功能：刺激性家庭环境的影响

出生时患有先天性心脏病（CHD）的婴儿在童年时期出现神经发育困难的风险增加。围手术期因素、心脏生理学、脑损伤严重程度、社会经济状况和家庭环境对早期神经发育的影响程度尚不清楚。从圣托马斯医院招募了 69 名患有 CHD 的新生儿。婴儿在新生儿病房内的 3-Tesla 扫描仪上接受了术前磁共振成像。22 个月大时，孩子们完成了贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版，父母则完成了认知刺激育儿量表，以评估在家中的认知刺激。还收集了母亲的教育水平和家庭年总收入。审查医院记录以计算术后在重症监护病房的天数、手术期间搭桥的时间以及纠正或最终姑息性手术干预的天数。在对 56 名婴儿进行的最终分析中，认知刺激育儿量表得分较高与 22 个月大时的认知得分较高相关，并校正了出生胎龄、性别和母亲教育程度。结果评分与临床因素之间没有关系；社会经济状况; 或脑损伤的严重程度。支持父母为孩子提供一个刺激的家庭环境可能会促进这一高危人群的认知发展。