Introduction

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection is caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affecting the lungs. All tobacco-related illnesses including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and coronary artery disease are known to reduce the lung capacity and impair the immune system of the body and can greatly influence the ability to fight the novel coronavirus. The purpose of this state-of-the-art literature review is to summarize the evidence of the association of tobacco use with the severity of the COVID-19 manifestations.

Method

Articles describing the association of tobacco use with the severity of COVID-19 manifestations were searched on PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google. This review covers the relevant studies on the subject published from January 1, 2020 to September 10, 2020.

Results

Tobacco use in all forms, whether smoking or chewing, is significantly associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes. Pre-existing comorbidities in tobacco users such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, respiratory diseases and hypertension were found to further aggravate the disease manifestations making the treatment of such COVID-19 patients more challenging due to their rapid clinical deterioration.

Conclusions

Current review indicates that nicotine exposure is linked to cardiopulmonary vulnerability to COVID-19 and tobacco use can be a potential risk factor for not only getting the viral infection but also its severe manifestations. The current pandemic provides a teachable moment to break the cycle of nicotine addiction and accelerate national tobacco control programs to achieve a tobacco-free world.

中文翻译：

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烟草使用是公认的严重 COVID-19 表现的原因

介绍

冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 感染是由主要影响肺部的新型严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的。众所周知，所有与烟草有关的疾病，包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和冠状动脉疾病，都会降低肺活量并损害身体的免疫系统，并会极大地影响对抗新型冠状病毒的能力。这份最先进的文献综述的目的是总结烟草使用与 COVID-19 表现的严重程度相关的证据。

方法

在 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 Google 上搜索了描述烟草使用与 COVID-19 表现严重程度之间关系的文章。本综述涵盖了 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 9 月 10 日发表的关于该主题的相关研究。

结果

各种形式的烟草使用，无论是吸烟还是咀嚼，都与严重的 COVID-19 结果显着相关。研究发现，烟草使用者原有的合并症，如心血管疾病、糖尿病、呼吸系统疾病和高血压，会进一步加重疾病表现，使此类 COVID-19 患者的治疗更具挑战性，因为他们的临床症状会迅速恶化。

结论

目前的审查表明，尼古丁暴露与心肺对 COVID-19 的脆弱性有关，烟草使用可能是一个潜在的风险因素，不仅会导致病毒感染，还会导致其严重表现。当前的大流行病为打破尼古丁成瘾的循环和加速国家烟草控制计划以实现无烟世界提供了一个受教育的时刻。