Biomass, as a continuously available raw material, is widely used to produce hard carbon. However, many researchers have ignored the natural special morphology of biomass and the influence of oxygen on the sodium storage performance. Here, we use the cilia of the setaria viridis as the precursor to obtain a fiber-like oxygen-doped hierarchical porous hard carbon (SVC). The sodium storage mechanism of SVC is studied by controlling the pyrolysis temperature. Studies have shown that the natural fibrous structure and vertical holes of SVC can provide channels for the rapid penetration of electrolyte. The appropriate nanocrystal size affords commodious circumstances for the insertion of Na⁺. More importantly, the increase in carbonization temperature will change the bonding mode of carbon and oxygen, promote the rupture of single bonds and retain the existence of double bonds, which is beneficial to the improvement of coulombic efficiency and reversible capacity. The hybrid sodium storage mechanism composed of insertion behavior and capacitance behavior promotes SVC to have higher reversible capacity (285.4 mAh g^-1 at 0.05 A g^-1) and excellent rate performance (90.7 mAh g^-1 at 5 A g^-1). This research provides some new ideas for the study of hard carbon.

生物质作为一种连续可用的原料，被广泛用于生产硬碳。但是，许多研究人员忽略了生物质的自然特殊形态以及氧气对钠存储性能的影响。在这里，我们使用狗尾草的纤毛作为前体，以获得纤维状的氧掺杂的分级多孔硬碳（SVC）。通过控制热解温度研究了SVC的钠存储机理。研究表明，SVC的天然纤维结构和垂直孔可以为电解质的快速渗透提供通道。合适的纳米晶体尺寸为插入Na ⁺提供了便利的环境。。更重要的是，碳化温度的升高将改变碳与氧的键合方式，促进单键的断裂并保留双键的存在，这有利于提高库仑效率和可逆容量。插入行为和电容行为组成的混合存储钠机制促进SVC至（285.4毫安克具有更高的可逆容量^-1 0.05 A G ^-1）和优异的倍率性能（90.7毫安克^-1在5 A G ^-1）。这项研究为硬碳的研究提供了一些新思路。