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Parabens in urine of children and adolescents in Germany – human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey 2014–2017 (GerES V)
Environmental Research ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110502
Aline Murawski , Carolin Tschersich , Enrico Rucic , Gerda Schwedler , Rebecca K. Moos , Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg , Thomas Brüning , Holger M. Koch , Marike Kolossa-Gehring

Parabens are antimicrobial preservatives used in a wide range of consumer products such as personal care products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. Consequently, the general population is ubiquitously exposed to these substances via dermal absorption, ingestion, and inhalation. Parabens promote estrogenic activity and are hence under assessment as endocrine disrupting substances. Urine samples from 3- to 17-year-old children and adolescents (N = 516) living in Germany were analysed for concentrations of nine parabens in the population representative German Environmental Survey for Children and Adolescents 2014–2017 (GerES V). Detection rates and urinary concentrations of the parabens decreased with increasing length of the alkyl chain. Methyl paraben was quantified in 97% of the samples with a geometric mean (GM) concentration of 7.724 μg/L (6.714 μg/gcreatinine), ethyl paraben was quantified in 69% (GM: 0.943 μg/L and 0.825 μg/gcrea), and n-propyl paraben in 31% (GM: 0.563 μg/L and 0.493 μg/gcrea). Concentrations of iso-propyl paraben, butyl paraben, iso-butyl paraben, and benzyl paraben were below the limit of quantification in most samples. Pentyl paraben and heptyl paraben were not detected in any of the samples. Paraben concentrations in urine were found to be associated with frequent usage of leave-on personal care products and cosmetics. Cumulative exposure to parabens (back-calculated daily intakes, expressed as hazard index) was found to be on a level raising concern in up to 14% of the population, mainly driven by n-propyl paraben, and depending on the level of conservativeness and point-of departures used for calculation.



中文翻译:

德国儿童和青少年尿液中的对羟基苯甲酸酯-2014-2017年德国环境调查(GerES V)的人体生物监测结果

对羟基苯甲酸酯是抗微生物防腐剂,广泛用于个人护理产品,化妆品,药​​品和食品等消费产品中。因此,普通人群普遍通过皮肤吸收,摄入和吸入接触到这些物质。对羟基苯甲酸酯可促进雌激素活性,因此正在作为破坏内分泌的物质进行评估。在2014-2017年德国儿童和青少年环境调查(GerES V)中,对居住在德国的3至17岁儿童和青少年(N = 516)的尿液样本中的九种对羟基苯甲酸酯浓度进行了分析。对羟基苯甲酸酯的检出率和尿液浓度随烷基链长度的增加而降低。对97%的样品中的对羟基苯甲酸甲酯进行了定量,其几何平均(GM)浓度为7。肌酐),对羟基苯甲酸乙酯定量为69%(GM:0.943μg / L和0.825μg / g crea),对羟基苯甲酸丙酯为31%(GM:0.563μg / L和0.493μg / g crea)。的浓度-丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯,对羟基苯甲酸丁酯,丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯,和苄基对羟基苯甲酸酯低于定量的大多数样品中的极限。在任何样品中均未检测到对羟基苯甲酸戊酯和对羟基苯甲酸庚酯。发现尿液中对羟基苯甲酸酯的浓度与免洗型个人护理产品和化妆品的频繁使用有关。累积暴露于对羟基苯甲酸酯类(倒推计算的每日摄入量,表示为危险指数)被认为是在高达总人口的14%的水平,引起人们的关注,主要是由驱动ñ-对羟基苯甲酸丙酯,并取决于保守程度和计算所用的起点。

更新日期:2020-11-19
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