A layer-by-layer titanium (IV) chloride treatment was applied on different layers of TiO₂ in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The effects were analysed and compared with standard untreated devices. A significant increase in short-circuit current density (J_SC) was observed by employing layer-by-layer TiCl₄ treatment of TiO₂ in DSSCs. This increase of J_SC is attributed to the increased inter-particle connectivity and increase in TiO₂ nanoparticle size, resulting in better electron transfer and a lower charge carrier recombination rate. The DSSC fabricated with layer-by-layer-treated TiO₂ achieved power conversion efficiency of 8.3%, which is significantly higher than the 6.7% achieved for the DSSC fabricated without TiCl₄ treatment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed to assess the better performance of the device fabricated with TiCl₄ treatment. Atomic force microscopy and surface roughness were studied to visualize and statistically determine the function of TiCl₄ treatment on different layers of TiO₂. Transient photocurrent and transient photovoltage measurements were also performed to gain insight into interfacial charge carrier recombination.

在染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）中，对TiO _2的不同层进行了逐层氯化钛（IV）处理。分析了效果并与未处理的标准设备进行了比较。通过在DSSC中采用TiO ₂的逐层TiCl ₄处理，观察到短路电流密度（J _SC）的显着增加。J _SC的这种增加归因于颗粒间连通性的增加和TiO ₂纳米颗粒尺寸的增加，从而导致更好的电子传递和更低的载流子复合率。用逐层处理的TiO ₂制备的DSSC功率转换效率为8.3％，大大高于未经TiCl ₄处理的DSSC的6.7％。进行了电化学阻抗谱（EIS）以评估用TiCl ₄处理制成的器件的更好性能。对原子力显微镜和表面粗糙度进行了研究，以可视化并统计确定TiCl ₄处理在TiO _2的不同层上的作用。还进行了瞬态光电流和瞬态光电压测量，以深入了解界面电荷载流子复合。