Abstract: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused catastrophic damage to human life across the globe along with social and financial hardships. According to the Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center, more than 41.3 million people worldwide have been infected, and more than 1,133,000 people have died as of October 22, 2020. At present, there is no available vaccine and a scarcity of efficacious therapies. However, there is tremendous ongoing effort towards identifying effective drugs and developing novel vaccines. Early data from Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trials (ACTT) sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and compassionate use study have shown promise for remdesivir, leading to emergency authorization by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, several randomized studies have now shown no benefit or increased adverse events associated with remdesivir treatment. Drug development is a time-intensive process and requires extensive safety and efficacy evaluations. In contrast, drug repurposing is a time-saving and cost-effective drug discovery strategy geared towards using existing drugs instead of de novo drug discovery. Treatments for cancer and COVID-19 often have similar goals of controlling inflammation, inhibiting cell division, and modulating the host microenvironment to control the disease. In this review, we focus on anti-cancer drugs that can potentially be repurposed for COVID-19 and are currently being tested in clinical trials.

Keywords: COVID-19, drug-repurposing, anti-cancer drugs


中文翻译：

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重新利用抗癌药物来治疗 COVID-19

摘要： 2019 年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行给全球人类生活造成了灾难性损害，并带来了社会和经济困难。据约翰·霍普金斯大学冠状病毒资源中心统计，截至2020年10月22日，全球已有超过4130万人被感染，超过113.3万人死亡。目前，尚无可用疫苗，也缺乏有效疗法。然而，为了识别有效药物和开发新型疫苗，人们正在付出巨大的努力。美国国家过敏和传染病研究所 (NIAID) 赞助的适应性 COVID-19 治疗试验 (ACTT) 和同情使用研究的早期数据显示了瑞德西韦的前景，导致美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 紧急授权用于治疗住院的 COVID-19 患者。然而，一些随机研究现已表明瑞德西韦治疗没有任何益处或增加了不良事件。药物开发是一个耗时的过程，需要广泛的安全性和有效性评估。相比之下，药物再利用是一种节省时间且具有成本效益的药物发现策略，旨在使用现有药物而不是从头药物发现。癌症和 COVID-19 的治疗通常具有相似的目标，即控制炎症、抑制细胞分裂和调节宿主微环境以控制疾病。在本次综述中，我们重点关注可能重新用于治疗 COVID-19 且目前正在临床试验中进行测试的抗癌药物。

关键词： COVID-19、药物再利用、抗癌药物