Abstract. A model of the radionuclide accumulation in fish taking into account the contribution of different tissues and allometry is presented. The basic model assumptions are as follows: (i) A fish organism is represented by several compartments in which radionuclides are homogeneously distributed; (ii) The compartments correspond to three groups of organs/tissues: muscle, bones and organs (kidney, liver, gonads, etc.) differing in metabolic function; (iii) Two input compartments include gills absorbing contamination from water and digestive tract through which contaminated food is absorbed; (iv) The absorbed radionuclide is redistributed between organs/tissues according to their metabolic functions; (v) The elimination of assimilated elements from each group of organs/tissues differs, reflecting differences in specific tissues/organs in which elements were accumulated; and (vi) The food and water uptake rates, elimination rate and growth rate depend on the metabolic rate, which is scaled by fish mass to the 3/4 power. The analytical solutions of the system of model equations describing dynamics of the assimilation and elimination of ¹³⁴Cs, ⁵⁷Co, ⁶⁰Co, ⁵⁴Mn and ⁶⁵Zn, which are preferably accumulated in different tissues, exhibited good agreement with the laboratory experiments. The developed multi-compartment kinetic-allometric model was embedded into the compartment model POSEIDON-R, which describes transport of radionuclides in water, accumulation in the sediment, and transfer of radionuclides through the pelagic and benthic food webs. The POSEIDON-R model was applied for the simulation of the transport and fate of ⁶⁰Co and ⁵⁴Mn routinely released from Forsmark Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) located on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden and for calculation of ⁹⁰Sr concentration in fish after the accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP. Predicted concentrations of radionuclides in fish agree with the measurements much better than predicted using standard whole-body model and target tissue model. The model with the defined generic parameters could be used in different marine environments without calibration based on a posteriori information, which is important for emergency decision support systems.

中文翻译：

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海水鱼类放射性核素生物累积的多室动力学-异速动力学模型

摘要。考虑到不同组织和异速生长的贡献，提出了鱼类中放射性核素积累的模型。基本模型假设如下：（i）鱼类生物由几个区域组成，放射性核素在其中均匀分布；（ii）隔室对应于三类器官/组织：肌肉，骨骼和器官（新陈代谢功能不同的肾脏，肝脏，性腺等）；（iii）两个输入隔间包括从水和消化道吸收contamination的which，吸收被污染的食物。（iv）吸收的放射性核素根据其代谢功能在器官/组织之间重新分配；（v）从各组器官/组织中清除同化元素的方法有所不同，反映积累元素的特定组织/器官的差异；（vi）食物和水的吸收率，消除率和生长率取决于新陈代谢率，新陈代谢率由鱼的质量定为3/4幂。描述气体同化和消除动力学的模型方程组的解析解。最好在不同组织中积累的¹³⁴ Cs，⁵⁷ Co，⁶⁰ Co，⁵⁴ Mn和⁶⁵ Zn与实验室实验显示出良好的一致性。已开发的多室动力学分配模型已嵌入到POSEIDON-R室模型中，该模型描述了水中放射性核素的运输，沉积物中的积累以及通过中上层和底栖食物网的放射性核素的转移。POSEIDON-R模型用于模拟从位于瑞典波罗的海沿岸的福斯马克核电厂（NPP）常规释放的⁶⁰ Co和⁵⁴ Mn的运输和结局，并计算⁹⁰福岛第一核电站事故发生后鱼类中的Sr浓度。鱼类中放射性核素的预测浓度与测量结果相符，远比使用标准全身模型和目标组织模型预测的结果好。具有定义的通用参数的模型可以在不同的海洋环境中使用，而无需基于后验信息进行校准，这对于紧急决策支持系统很重要。