An enormous amount of experimental and clinical evidence has clearly shown that the measurement of cardio-specific biomarkers is able to significantly and independently improve the diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification in cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, many recent studies have reported that the measurement of cardio-specific biomarkers has a positive impact also on the management and outcome of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Considering the significant and independent information associated with cardio-specific biomarkers, several studies have recently reported that the combined dosage of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins may be convenient not only for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of heart disease, but also for general screening of the population for individuals with high cardiovascular risk. Due to the higher cost of cardio-specific biomarkers compared with other laboratory tests, the clinical adequacy of the combined measurement of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins must be carefully evaluated. Consequently, an increase in the clinical use of a laboratory test should be based not only on the favorable pathophysiological characteristics of a biomarker, but also on the high performance of the methods used for biomarker dosing. The purpose of this review is to discuss the clinical relevance and the possible cost efficiency of the combined dosage of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins in some clinical conditions, in particular those most frequently observed in patients with critical illnesses admitted to the emergency room.

大量的实验和临床证据清楚地表明，心脏特异性生物标志物的测量能够显着且独立地改善心血管疾病的诊断准确性和风险分层。此外，最近的许多研究报告说，心脏特异性生物标志物的测定对心血管疾病患者的治疗和结局也有积极影响。考虑到与心脏特异性生物标志物有关的重要且独立的信息，最近有几项研究报道了利钠肽的联合剂量心肌肌钙蛋白不仅可以方便地用于心脏病的诊断，预后和治疗，还可以用于一般人群的心血管高危人群筛查。由于与其他实验室测试相比，心脏特异性生物标记物的成本较高，因此必须仔细评估利钠肽和心肌肌钙蛋白联合测定的临床充分性。因此，实验室测试的临床应用的增加不仅应基于生物标志物的良好病理生理特性，而且还应基于生物标志物给药方法的高性能。这篇综述的目的是讨论利钠肽联合剂量的临床意义和可能的成本效率。 肌钙蛋白和心脏肌钙蛋白在某些临床情况下，尤其是在急诊室就诊的重症患者中最常见的情况。