ABSTRACT

Desmaninae (water-moles) are common elements in the late Miocene–Pleistocene mammal assemblages from Europe, but knowledge about this group is still scarce. Here we present the desmanines from several early Pliocene localities of the Granada Basin, southern Spain. The species Desmana marci, sp. nov. is described from the sites Calicasas-3 and 4A, characterized, among other traits, by its slightly molarized p4, enormous P2, strongly molarized P3 and P4, and very large metaconule in the M3. Desmana marci shows a typical Desmana i1, with the enamel extending further down anteriorly than posteriorly, but an Archaeodesmana-like I1, low-crowned and bilobed. Desmana marci is proposed as the oldest species of Desmana; its origin lies in Archaeodesmana baetica, and it is in turn interpreted as the ancestor of Desmana verestchagini. Besides, a desmanine of small size and ascribed to Archaeodesmana cf. getica is identified in Calicasas-5A and Purcal-13. This desmanine forms part of a lineage leading to Archaeodesmana elvirae and Archaeodesmana brailloni; this lineage is characterized by an increase in size and in the molarization of the upper premolars. Desmaninae are identified in all the latest Miocene and earliest Pliocene localities from the Granada Basin, evidencing the existence of permanent water bodies. On the contrary, they are not found in sites of similar age in the Guadix Basin, which would have had more arid conditions. The coincident appearance of A. cf. getica in both basins during the early Ruscinian indicates a change towards more humid conditions in the region, allowing the establishment of permanent water flows in the Guadix Basin.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E3E441D0-CF66-4320-AA2E-17FB7BC10B39

摘要

Desmaninae（水oc）是欧洲晚期中新世至更新世哺乳动物组合中的常见元素，但有关这一类的知识仍然匮乏。在这里，我们介绍了西班牙南部格拉纳达盆地的几个上新世早期地方的地幔。该种Desmana marci，sp。十一月 从Calicasas-3和4A站点进行了描述，除其他特征外，其特征还在于p4略微摩尔化，巨大的P2，强烈摩尔化的P3和P4以及M3中的超大锥细胞。Desmana marci显示了典型的Desmana i1，珐琅质向前延伸的位置比向后延伸的更深，但是像Archaeodesmana的I1则低冠且呈双瓣状。Desmana marci被提议为美洲最古老的物种Desmana ; 它的起源于Archaeodesmana baetica，并被解释为Desmana verestchagini的祖先。此外，小尺寸和冲高的desmanine到Archaeodesmana比照 在Calicasas -5A和Purcal-13中发现了getica。该desmanine形成通往Archeodesmana elvirae和Archeodedesmana brailloni的血统的一部分; 该血统的特征是增大了前磨牙的大小并使其摩尔化。在格拉纳达盆地的所有最新的中新世和最早的上新世地区都发现了Desmaninae，表明存在永久性水体。相反，在瓜迪克斯盆地具有类似干旱条件的地点没有发现它们。A. cf.的同时出现。在Ruscinian早期，两个盆地中的葛蒂卡表明该地区朝着更湿润的条件变化，从而在瓜迪克斯盆地建立了永久的水流。

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E3E441D0-CF66-4320-AA2E-17FB7BC10B39