We outline preliminary results of an ongoing research project conducted in collaboration with traditional erva-mate (yerba mate) producers in Southern Paran? and Northern Santa Catarina, Brazil. The multidisciplinary project includes researchers in the natural and social sciences, forest engineers, historians, rural outreach workers, and farmers and is the result of a long-term engagement with smallholder erva-mate producers. Previous research on forest conservation and use in the region had highlighted the important role smallholder farmers play in maintaining forest cover, but knowledge about how farmers and their families perceive traditional erva-mate production systems and understand their environment were needed. Taking a participatory action research approach, our goal is to work with communities to cocreate and share knowledge, ensuring that the research is based on collectively defined goals. Herein, we focus on some of the major themes identified through oral history interviews, particularly in terms of tensions between smallholder farmers and legal frameworks, as well as insecurity in terms of the continuation of traditional, agroecological practices and their importance for the forest. The project aims to engage a range of stakeholders and actors and incorporate a variety of perspectives in understanding forest conservation through use in agroforestry and agroecological systems, particularly in terms of erva-mate production.

中文翻译：

---

社会创新和小农主权方面的口述历史和传统生态知识：以巴西南部的艾尔瓦伙伴为例

我们概述了正在进行的研究项目的初步结果，该研究项目是与Paran南部的传统erva-mate（yerba mate）生产商合作进行的。和巴西北部圣卡塔琳娜州。该多学科项目包括自然科学和社会科学领域的研究人员，林业工程师，历史学家，农村外展工人和农民，这是与小农户生产者长期合作的结果。先前有关该地区森林保护和利用的研究强调了小农户在维持森林覆盖率方面的重要作用，但需要了解农民及其家庭如何看待传统的人工生产系统并了解其环境的知识。我们采用参与式行动研究方法，旨在与社区合作共同创造和分享知识，确保研究基于集体定义的目标。在此，我们重点介绍通过口头历史访谈确定的一些主要主题，特别是在小农户和法律框架之间的紧张关系方面，以及在传统农业生态实践的延续及其对森林的重要性方面的不安全感。该项目旨在使一系列利益相关者和参与者参与进来，并结合多种观点来理解通过在农林业和农业生态系统中的使用来保护森林，特别是在生物副产物方面。以及传统农业生态做法的延续及其对森林的重要性方面的不安全感。该项目旨在使一系列利益相关者和参与者参与进来，并结合多种观点来理解通过在农林业和农业生态系统中的使用来保护森林，特别是在生物副产物方面。以及传统农业生态做法的延续及其对森林的重要性方面的不安全感。该项目旨在使一系列利益相关者和参与者参与进来，并结合多种观点来理解通过在农林业和农业生态系统中的使用来保护森林，特别是在生物副产物方面。