A 2-yr study was conducted at Michigan State University (MSU) and the University of Arkansas (UARK) to identify creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) putting green management practices that minimize or exacerbate visible wear damage (VWD) caused by aggressive golf shoes or cleats. Management treatments included different levels of grooming (none vs. three times weekly at a depth of 0.5 mm), lightweight rolling (none vs. three times weekly), sand topdressing (none vs. every 14 d at the rate of 0.6 L m⁻²), and nitrogen fertility (low N vs. high N every 14 d) applied as urea at the rates of 0.6 or 1.2 g m⁻². Rolling significantly increased VWD at UARK in both years and at MSU in 2017. When increases in VWD occurred on rolled plots, there were also significant increases in moisture in the top 3.8 cm of the root zone. Higher fertility consistently increased VWD at UARK throughout the study and after a single traffic event at MSU. Throughout the trial, grooming and sand topdressing occasionally reduced VWD at both locations. These results will help agronomists and golf course superintendents fine-tune cultural practices to mitigate VWD on intensively managed creeping bentgrass putting greens.

中文翻译：

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果岭管理对人流造成的可见磨损损伤的影响

密歇根州立大学 (MSU) 和阿肯色大学 (UARK) 进行了一项为期 2 年的研究，以确定匍匐翦股颖 ( Agrostis stolonifera L.) 推杆果岭管理实践，以最大限度地减少或加剧由激进高尔夫引起的可见磨损损坏 (VWD)鞋子或夹板。管理处理包括不同程度的梳理（无与每周 3 次，深度为 0.5 毫米）、轻量碾压（无与每周 3 次）、沙子追肥（无与每 14 天以 0.6 L m ^{- 2} )，以及以 0.6 或 1.2 gm ^-2的比率作为尿素施用的氮肥力（低 N 与高 N 每 14 天）. UARK 两年和 2017 年 MSU 的轧制显着增加了 VWD。当轧制地块的 VWD 增加时，根区顶部 3.8 厘米的水分也显着增加。在整个研究过程中以及在 MSU 发生一次交通事件后，较高的生育率始终增加了 UARK 的 VWD。在整个试验过程中，梳理和撒沙偶尔会降低两个位置的 VWD。这些结果将帮助农艺师和高尔夫球场主管微调文化实践，以减轻集约化管理的匍匐翦股颖果岭上的 VWD。