Audio-motor integration is currently viewed as a predictive process in which the brain simulates upcoming sounds based on voluntary actions. This perspective does not consider how our auditory environment may trigger involuntary action in the absence of prediction. We address this issue by examining the relationship between acoustic salience and involuntary motor responses. We investigate how acoustic features in music contribute to the perception of salience, and whether those features trigger involuntary peripheral motor responses. Participants with little-to-no musical training listened to musical excerpts once while remaining still during the recording of their muscle activity with surface electromyography (sEMG), and again while they continuously rated perceived salience within the music using a slider. We show cross-correlations between 1) salience ratings and acoustic features, 2) acoustic features and spontaneous muscle activity, and 3) salience ratings and spontaneous muscle activity. Amplitude, intensity, and spectral centroid were perceived as the most salient features in music, and fluctuations in these features evoked involuntary peripheral muscle responses. Our results suggest an involuntary mechanism for audio-motor integration, which may rely on brainstem-spinal or brainstem-cerebellar-spinal pathways. Based on these results, we argue that a new framework is needed to explain the full range of human sensorimotor capabilities. This goal can be achieved by considering how predictive and reactive audio-motor integration mechanisms could operate independently or interactively to optimize human behavior.

当前，音频-电机集成被视为一种预测过程，在此过程中，大脑会根据自愿行为模拟即将到来的声音。该观点未考虑我们的听觉环境如何触发非自愿行为在没有预测的情况下。我们通过检查声学显着性与非自愿运动反应之间的关系来解决此问题。我们调查音乐中的声学特征如何促进显着性的感知，以及这些特征是否触发非自愿的周围运动反应。几乎没有进行过音乐训练的参与者在通过表面肌电图（sEMG）记录其肌肉活动的过程中保持静止不动的同时听了一段音乐摘录，然后又一次使用滑块连续评价了音乐中的感知显着性。我们显示了1）显着性等级和声学特征，2）声学特征和自发性肌肉活动以及3）显着性等级和自发性肌肉活动之间的相互关系。振幅，强度 频谱质心和频谱质心被认为是音乐中最突出的特征，这些特征的波动引起了不自主的周围肌肉反应。我们的研究结果表明，音频运动整合的非自愿机制可能依赖于脑干-脊髓或脑干-小脑-脊髓途径。基于这些结果，我们认为需要一个新的框架来解释人类感觉运动能力的全部范围。通过考虑预测性和反应性音频-电机集成机制如何独立或交互操作以优化人类行为，可以实现此目标。基于这些结果，我们认为需要一个新的框架来解释人类感觉运动能力的全部范围。通过考虑预测性和反应性音频-电机集成机制如何独立或交互操作以优化人类行为，可以实现此目标。基于这些结果，我们认为需要一个新的框架来解释人类感觉运动能力的全部范围。通过考虑预测性和反应性音频-电机集成机制如何独立或交互操作以优化人类行为，可以实现此目标。