Abstract Halloysite nanotubes were investigated as a hard template for the preparation of multi-functional porous carbon due to their one-dimensional ordered structures and the composition of aluminosilicate. Herein, a novel N-doped three-dimensional porous carbon nanofiber (3D PCN) was obtained following electrospinning, pyrolysis and demineralization of natural halloysite. When used as anodes in Na+-batteries, the obtained 3D PCN exhibited a high specific capacity of 266 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 100 mA·g−1 and super cycling stability with a capacity retention of 91.1% after 5000 cycles at 1 A·g−1. This work can not only extend the application of halloysite in energy storage but also provide a low-cost and promising three-dimensional porous carbon material for advanced Na+ batteries.

中文翻译：

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钠离子电池用硬埃洛石模板制备的氮掺杂三维多孔碳负极

摘要 埃洛石纳米管由于其一维有序结构和铝硅酸盐的组成而被用作制备多功能多孔碳的硬模板。在此，通过对天然埃洛石进行静电纺丝、热解和脱矿处理，获得了一种新型的 N 掺杂三维多孔碳纳米纤维（3D PCN）。当用作Na+电池的负极时，所得3D PCN在100 mA·g-1的电流密度下表现出266 mAh·g-1的高比容量和超级循环稳定性，5000次循环后容量保持率为91.1%在 1 A·g−1。这项工作不仅可以扩展埃洛石在储能方面的应用，而且可以为先进的钠离子电池提供一种低成本、有前途的三维多孔碳材料。