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IONICITY OF CLAY–CATION BONDS IN RELATION TO DISPERSIVE BEHAVIOR OF Mg AND K SOIL CLAYS AS INFLUENCED BY pH
Clays and Clay Minerals ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s42860-020-00100-x
Yingcan Zhu , Alla Marchuk , John McLean Bennett

The dispersive behavior dynamics of clay determine soil characteristics such as permeability and aggregate stability, and, consequently, crop productivity. Soil dispersion is heavily influenced by the ionicity of clay–cation bonds and has been shown to be related to the net negative charge and pH of the system. Little work has been done, however, which considers these factors together, especially for K and Mg clays. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of changing pH on the dispersive behavior of Mg and K homoionic clays, in comparison to Ca and Na clays under equivalent pH conditions. The clay fractions used here were extracted from three soils and have distinctly different mineralogies. These clays were treated to become homoionic with regard to Na, K, Ca, and Mg. Excess salts were removed by dialysis and pH was adjusted to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 for all clays, except Mg (pH range 3–7). Clay dispersion-flocculation dynamics were investigated, and the net negative charge, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and turbidity were measured. Mg has a similar but less flocculative effect than Ca, while K has a similar but less dispersive effect than Na, under similar pH conditions. The dispersive behavior of Na, K, Mg, and Ca homoionic clays was correlated well with the ionicity of clay–cation bonds at equivalent pH, with the degree of clay dispersion being explained by the pH, EC, ionicity, ζ-potential, and mean particle size of the clay–cation system. A predictive model for dispersion was developed with its applicability and limitations discussed.

中文翻译:

黏土-阳离子键的离子性与受 pH 影响的 Mg 和 K 土壤黏土的分散行为有关

粘土的分散行为动力学决定了土壤特性,例如渗透性和团聚体稳定性,从而决定了作物生产力。土壤分散受粘土 - 阳离子键的离子性影响很大,并且已被证明与系统的净负电荷和 pH 值有关。然而,很少有工作将这些因素综合考虑,特别是对于 K 和 Mg 粘土。本研究的目的是研究在同等 pH 条件下,与 Ca 和 Na 粘土相比,改变 pH 值对 Mg 和 K 均质粘土的分散行为的影响。这里使用的粘土成分是从三种土壤中提取的,具有明显不同的矿物学。这些粘土被处理成关于 Na、K、Ca 和 Mg 的均离子。通过透析去除多余的盐,并将所有粘土的 pH 值调整为 3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10 和 11,除了 Mg(pH 值范围 3-7)。研究了粘土分散-絮凝动力学,并测量了净负电荷、pH、电导率 (EC) 和浊度。在相似的 pH 条件下,Mg 的絮凝作用与 Ca 相似,但比 Ca 的絮凝作用小,而 K 的絮凝作用与 Na 相似,但分散作用比 Na 小。Na、K、Mg 和 Ca 均离子粘土的分散行为与等 pH 值下粘土-阳离子键的离子性密切相关,粘土分散程度由 pH、EC、离子性、ζ 电位和粘土-阳离子体系的平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。除了 Mg(pH 范围 3-7)。研究了粘土分散-絮凝动力学,并测量了净负电荷、pH、电导率 (EC) 和浊度。在相似的 pH 条件下,Mg 的絮凝作用与 Ca 相似,但比 Ca 的絮凝作用小,而 K 的絮凝作用与 Na 相似,但分散作用比 Na 小。Na、K、Mg 和 Ca 均离子粘土的分散行为与等 pH 值下粘土-阳离子键的离子性密切相关,粘土分散程度由 pH、EC、离子性、ζ 电位和粘土-阳离子体系的平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。除了 Mg(pH 范围 3-7)。研究了粘土分散-絮凝动力学,并测量了净负电荷、pH、电导率 (EC) 和浊度。在相似的 pH 条件下,Mg 的絮凝作用与 Ca 相似,但比 Ca 的絮凝作用小,而 K 的絮凝作用与 Na 相似,但分散作用比 Na 小。Na、K、Mg 和 Ca 均离子粘土的分散行为与等 pH 值下粘土-阳离子键的离子性密切相关,粘土分散程度由 pH、EC、离子性、ζ 电位和粘土-阳离子体系的平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。在相似的 pH 条件下,Mg 的絮凝作用与 Ca 相似,但比 Ca 的絮凝作用小,而 K 的絮凝作用与 Na 相似,但分散作用比 Na 小。Na、K、Mg 和 Ca 均离子粘土的分散行为与等 pH 值下粘土-阳离子键的离子性密切相关,粘土分散程度由 pH、EC、离子性、ζ 电位和粘土-阳离子体系的平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。在相似的 pH 条件下,Mg 的絮凝作用与 Ca 相似,但比 Ca 的絮凝作用小,而 K 的絮凝作用与 Na 相似,但分散作用比 Na 小。Na、K、Mg 和 Ca 均离子粘土的分散行为与等 pH 值下粘土-阳离子键的离子性密切相关,粘土分散程度由 pH、EC、离子性、ζ 电位和粘土-阳离子体系的平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。粘土-阳离子系统的 EC、离子性、ζ 电位和平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。粘土-阳离子系统的 EC、离子性、ζ 电位和平均粒径。开发了色散预测模型,并讨论了其适用性和局限性。
更新日期:2020-11-18
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