An investigation of CA1 pyramidal model is an important issue for applications, which is intimately related to the composition of ions in the extracellular environment and external stimulation. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the effects of different electrophysiological parameters such as muscarinic-sensitive potassium current activation variable and sustained sodium current inactivation variable on the firing sequence of model by numerical simulations. Furthermore, the paper also discusses that the temperature affects the firing of the CA1 model from direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) stimuli. It is found that the model exhibits excellent spiking and bursting patterns, even chaotic patterns occur. Meanwhile, generalized mixed oscillations emerge in the model. Additionally, the firing modes are depicted by providing the response curve (RC), inter-spike interval curve (ISI), phase diagram curve (PDC) and the number of spikes per burst curve (NC). Mathematically, the paper elaborates the results which are presented to obtain two lower dimensional subsystems, which govern the fast and slow dynamics for giving insight into the dynamic behaviors of the full 5D system based on the geometric singular perturbation theory (GSPT). Particularly, we analyse the phase diagrams of the CA1 model to understand the properties better. The present results may contribute to further understand the information processing of the CA1 pyramidal neurons.

中文翻译：

---

具有几何奇异扰动的 CA1 锥体神经元的放电模式：模型研究

CA1锥体模型的研究是应用的一个重要问题，它与细胞外环境中离子的组成和外部刺激密切相关。本文通过数值模拟证明了毒蕈碱敏感钾电流激活变量和持续钠电流失活变量等不同电生理参数对模型放电序列的影响。此外，本文还讨论了温度影响 CA1 模型从直流 (DC) 和交流 (AC) 刺激的触发。发现该模型表现出优异的尖峰和爆发模式，甚至出现混沌模式。同时，模型中出现了广义的混合振荡。此外，通过提供响应曲线 (RC)、脉冲间间隔曲线 (ISI)、相图曲线 (PDC) 和每次脉冲的脉冲数曲线 (NC) 来描述点火模式。在数学上，本文详细阐述了为获得两个低维子系统而提出的结果，这些子系统控制快速和慢速动力学，以深入了解基于几何奇异扰动理论 (GSPT) 的完整 5D 系统的动态行为。特别是，我们分析了 CA1 模型的相图以更好地理解属性。目前的结果可能有助于进一步了解 CA1 锥体神经元的信息处理。本文详细阐述了为获得两个低维子系统而提出的结果，这些子系统控制快速和慢速动力学，以深入了解基于几何奇异扰动理论 (GSPT) 的完整 5D 系统的动态行为。特别是，我们分析了 CA1 模型的相图以更好地理解属性。目前的结果可能有助于进一步了解 CA1 锥体神经元的信息处理。本文详细阐述了为获得两个低维子系统而提出的结果，这些子系统控制快速和慢速动力学，以深入了解基于几何奇异扰动理论 (GSPT) 的完整 5D 系统的动态行为。特别是，我们分析了 CA1 模型的相图以更好地理解属性。目前的结果可能有助于进一步了解 CA1 锥体神经元的信息处理。