Wastewater can be reused after a treatment process and compliance with high quality standards that guarantee its safe use. The wastewater treatment plant of the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes (AUA), like others, uses primary, secondary, and tertiary processes. The tertiary process followed is chlorination and is used to eliminate microorganisms from the secondary process. Although water of acceptable quality is obtained with chlorine, there is evidence that toxic substances are generated when reacting with organic matter, so alternatives to the use of chlorination have been analyzed. In the present study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from the aqueous extract of the Opuntia ficus indica fruit peel (OfAgNPs), by reducing a 2 mM solution of AgNO₃. OfAgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering, in addition to his electrophoretic mobility. The OfAgNPs are spherical, with an average particle size distribution of  nm, relatively stable at room temperature, negatively charged ( mV), and composed of 61.29% silver. The activity of OfAgNPs was evaluated in water from the effluent of the AUA treatment plant, before and after chlorination, and inhibition of bacteria Escherichia coli var 1, Enterobacter aerogenes var 1, Citrobacter freudi var 2, atypical E. coli, and aerobic mesophilic microorganism was tested.

中文翻译：

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仙人掌果绿色纳米银的合成及其对废水微生物的抑制作用

经过处理过程并符合保证其安全使用的高质量标准后，废水可以重复使用。与其他公司一样，阿瓜斯卡连特斯自治大学（AUA）的废水处理厂也使用一级，二级和三级工艺。接下来的第三步是氯化反应，用于清除第二步过程中的微生物。尽管可以用氯获得质量合格的水，但是有证据表明，当与有机物反应时会产生有毒物质，因此已经分析了使用氯化的替代方法。在本研究中，银纳米颗粒从所述的含水提取物合成仙桃果皮（中，通过减少硝酸银2mM的溶液的AgNPs）₃。的的AgNPs通过紫外-可见光谱，扫描电子显微镜，能量色散型X射线光谱法，原子吸收光谱，和动态光散射，除了他的电泳迁移率，其特征在于。的中的AgNPs是球形，具有的平均颗粒尺寸分布 nm，在室温下相对稳定，带负电（ mV），由61.29％的银组成。的活性中的AgNPs在水中进行评价从流出物中的AUA处理厂，前和后氯化，和细菌的抑制大肠杆菌变种1，产气肠杆菌VAR 1，柠檬酸杆菌freudi变种2，非典型大肠杆菌，和有氧温测试了微生物。