[Context & Motivation] Adaptive systems are an important research area. The dominant reason for adaptivity in systems are changes in the environment. Thus, it is an important question how to model the environment and how to determine the necessary information on this environment in the requirements engineering phase. [Question/ Problem] There is so far relatively little explicit study of the notion of environment models in software engineering research. [Principal ideas/ Results] In this paper, we present a systematic literature review with the goal to determine the state of the art in environment modeling for adaptive systems, in particular from a requirements perspective. We discuss the goals of the approaches, the modeling concepts, as well as the methodology aspects of environment modeling in our survey. [Contribution] As major result of our survey, we provide a meta-model of existing environment modeling concepts. As a negative finding - and a research opportunity - we find that so far methodological aspects of environment modeling have received very little attention.

中文翻译：

---

自适应系统的环境建模：系统文献综述

[背景与动机] 自适应系统是一个重要的研究领域。系统适应性的主要原因是环境的变化。因此，如何在需求工程阶段对环境进行建模以及如何确定有关该环境的必要信息是一个重要的问题。[问题/问题] 到目前为止，在软件工程研究中对环境模型概念的明确研究相对较少。[主要思想/结果] 在本文中，我们提出了一个系统的文献综述，目的是确定自适应系统环境建模的最新技术，特别是从需求的角度来看。我们在调查中讨论了方法的目标、建模概念以及环境建模的方法学方面。[贡献] 作为我们调查的主要结果，我们提供了现有环境建模概念的元模型。作为一个负面发现 - 也是一个研究机会 - 我们发现到目前为止环境建模的方法论方面很少受到关注。