Infections that are triggered by the accompanying immunosuppression in patients with burn wounds are very common regardless of age. Among burn patients, the most frequently diagnosed infections include the bacterial ones primarily caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Klebsiella pneumonia, as well as fungal infections with the etiology of Candida spp. or Aspergillus spp. Besides, burn wounds are highly susceptible to viral infections mainly due to the impaired immune responses and defective functions of the immune cells within the wound microenvironment. The most prevalent viruses that invade burn wounds include herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human papilloma virus (HPV), and varicella zoster virus (VZV). Likewise, less prevalent infections such as those caused by the orf virus or Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) might also occur in immunosuppressed burn patients. Viral infections result in increased morbidity and mortality rates in severely burned patients. Additionally, a positive correlation between the hospitalization duration and the severity of the viral infection has been demonstrated. Viral infections trigger the occurrence of various complications, ranging from mild symptoms to even fatal incidents. Accurate detection of viral infection is of great clinical importance because of the possibility for a quicker introduction of proper treatment therapy and shortening of hospitalization time. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature and summarize the findings regarding the most common viral infections in immunosuppressed burn patients.

中文翻译：

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烧伤患者的病毒感染：最新研究

烧伤创面患者伴随免疫抑制而引发的感染，无论年龄大小都非常普遍。在烧伤患者中，最常诊断出感染包括细菌那些主要由引起绿脓杆菌或肺炎克雷伯菌，以及与病因真菌感染念珠菌。或曲霉spp。此外，烧伤创面高度易受病毒感染，这主要是由于伤口微环境中免疫反应受损和免疫细胞功能缺陷所致。侵入烧伤创面的最流行的病毒包括单纯疱疹病毒（HSV），巨细胞病毒（CMV），人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）。同样，在免疫抑制的烧伤患者中也可能发生较少流行的感染，例如由orf病毒或Epstein–Barr病毒（EBV）引起的感染。病毒感染导致严重烧伤患者的发病率和死亡率增加。另外，已经证明住院时间和病毒感染的严重程度之间存在正相关。病毒感染会引发各种并发症，从轻微的症状到致命的事件。由于可以更快地引入适当的治疗方法并缩短住院时间，因此准确检测病毒感染具有重要的临床意义。本文的目的是提供文献的全面综述，并总结关于免疫抑制烧伤患者中最常见的病毒感染的发现。