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Holocene climatic changes in the Westerly-Indian Monsoon realm and its anthropogenic impact
Climate of the Past ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 , DOI: 10.5194/cp-2020-141
Nicole Burdanowitz , Tim Rixen , Birgit Gaye , Kay-Christian Emeis

Abstract. The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) with its rainfall is the lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and possibly was the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past. Intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally forced thermal land-ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon margins, interactions between the subtropical westerly jet (STWJ) and the ISM constitute a tipping element in the Earth's climate system, because their non-linear interaction may be a first-order influence on rainfall. We reconstructed marine sea surface temperature (SST), supply of terrestrial material and vegetation changes from a very well-dated sediment core from the northern Arabian Sea to reconstruct the STWJ-ISM interaction. The Holocene record (from 11,000 years) shows a distinct, but gradual, southward displacement of the ISM in the Early to Mid-Holocene, increasingly punctuated by phases of intensified STWJ events that are coeval with interruptions of North Atlantic overturning circulation (Bond events). Effects of the non-linear interactions culminate between 4.6–3 ka BP, marking a climatic transition period during which the ISM shifted southwards and the influence of SWTJ became prominent. The lithogenic input shows an up to 4-fold increase after this time period signaling the strengthened influence of agricultural activities of the Indus civilization with enhanced erosion of soils amplifying the impact of Bond events and adding to the marine sedimentation rates adjacent to the continent.

中文翻译:

西印度洋季风区的全新世气候变化及其人为影响

摘要。印度夏季风(ISM)的降雨是当今居住在印度次大陆的人们的生命线,并且可能是过去早期农业社会兴衰的驱动力。ISM的强度和位置因轨道强迫的热陆海洋对比而发生了变化。在西北季风边缘,亚热带西风急流(STWJ)和ISM之间的相互作用构成了地球气候系统的一个引爆因素,因为它们的非线性相互作用可能是降雨的一级影响。我们从阿拉伯海北部一个非常好的日期沉积岩心重建了海洋海表温度(SST),陆地物质的供应和植被变化,以重建STWJ-ISM相互作用。全新世记录(从11,000年开始)显示出独特但渐进的 全新世早期至中新世时期ISM的南移,由STWJ事件加剧和北大西洋上覆环流中断(Bond事件)相伴的阶段越来越多地出现。非线性相互作用的影响最终达到4.6–3 ka BP,这标志着ISM向南移动和SWTJ的影响显着的气候过渡时期。在这段时间之后,成岩作用输入增加了多达4倍,这表明印度文明农业活动的影响增强了,土壤侵蚀增强了邦德事件的影响,并增加了该大陆附近的海洋沉积速率。STWJ事件加剧与北大西洋上翻环流(Bond事件)中断同时发生的阶段越来越被打断。非线性相互作用的影响最终达到4.6–3 ka BP,这标志着ISM向南移动和SWTJ的影响显着的气候过渡时期。在这段时间之后,成岩作用输入增加了多达4倍,这表明印度文明农业活动的影响增强了,土壤侵蚀增强了邦德事件的影响,并增加了该大陆附近的海洋沉积速率。STWJ事件加剧与北大西洋上翻环流(Bond事件)中断同时发生的阶段越来越被打断。非线性相互作用的影响最终达到4.6–3 ka BP,这标志着ISM向南移动和SWTJ的影响显着的气候过渡时期。在这段时间之后,成岩作用输入增加了多达4倍,这表明印度文明农业活动的影响增强了,土壤侵蚀增强了邦德事件的影响,并增加了该大陆附近的海洋沉积速率。标志着ISM向南移动并且SWTJ的影响变得突出的气候过渡时期。在这段时间之后,成岩作用输入增加了多达4倍,这表明印度文明农业活动的影响增强了,土壤侵蚀增强了邦德事件的影响,并增加了该大陆附近的海洋沉积速率。标志着ISM向南移动并且SWTJ的影响变得突出的气候过渡时期。在这段时间之后,成岩作用输入增加了多达4倍,这表明印度文明农业活动的影响增强了,土壤侵蚀增强了邦德事件的影响,并增加了该大陆附近的海洋沉积速率。
更新日期:2020-11-17
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