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Third molar agenesis in modern humans with and without agenesis of other teeth
PeerJ ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 , DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10367 Maya Scheiwiller 1 , Elias S Oeschger 1 , Nikolaos Gkantidis 1
PeerJ ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 , DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10367 Maya Scheiwiller 1 , Elias S Oeschger 1 , Nikolaos Gkantidis 1
Affiliation
Background The number of teeth in the human dentition is of interest both from developmental and evolutionary aspects. The present case-control study focused on the formation of third molars in modern humans aiming to shed more light on the most variable tooth class in the dentition. Materials and Methods For this reason, we investigated third molar formation in a sample of 303 individuals with agenesis of teeth other than third molars (agenesis group) and compared it to a sex and age matched control group of 303 individuals without agenesis of teeth other than third molars. Results The prevalence of third molar agenesis in the agenesis group was 50.8%, which is significantly higher than the 20.5% in the control group (p < 0.001). The chance of a missing third molar in the agenesis group was increased by 38.3% (p < 0.001), after controlling for the agenesis in other teeth factor. When considering the amount of missing third molars per individual, a clear tendency towards more missing third molars was evident in the agenesis group compared to the control group. The frequency of bilaterally missing third molars in the agenesis group was 29% in the maxilla, as well as in the mandible, which is about three times higher than the frequency of unilaterally missing third molars (p < 0.001). In the control group, bilaterally missing third molars occurred in 8.6% in the maxilla and 8.9% in the mandible. Conclusion The present results indicate that genetic factors involved in tooth agenesis affect also the dentition as a whole. Furthermore, the third molars are more vulnerable to factors involved in agenesis of other teeth and they are more often affected as a whole. These findings seem to be associated with the evolutionary trend in humans towards reduced molar number.
中文翻译:
现代人的第三磨牙发育不全,有无其他牙齿发育
背景 从发育和进化的角度来看,人类牙列中的牙齿数量是令人感兴趣的。目前的病例对照研究侧重于现代人类第三磨牙的形成,旨在更多地了解牙列中变化最大的牙齿类别。材料和方法出于这个原因,我们调查了 303 名除第三磨牙以外的其他牙齿发育不全的个体(发育不全组)的第三磨牙形成情况,并将其与性别和年龄匹配的对照组进行了比较,该对照组由 303 名除第三磨牙以外的其他牙齿发育不全的个体组成。第三磨牙。结果发育不全组第三磨牙发育不全的发生率为50.8%,明显高于对照组的20.5%(p < 0.001)。发育不全组第三磨牙缺失的几率增加了 38.3%(p < 0.001),在控制了其他牙齿因素的发育不全之后。当考虑每个个体缺失的第三磨牙的数量时,与对照组相比,发育不全组明显倾向于缺失更多的第三磨牙。发育不全组中上颌和下颌双侧第三磨牙缺失的频率为 29%,约为单侧第三磨牙缺失频率的三倍(p < 0.001)。在对照组中,上颌8.6%和下颌8.9%的双侧第三磨牙缺失。结论 目前的结果表明,与牙齿发育不全有关的遗传因素也会影响整个牙列。此外,第三磨牙更容易受到其他牙齿发育不全的因素的影响,并且它们更经常受到整体影响。
更新日期:2020-11-17
中文翻译:
现代人的第三磨牙发育不全,有无其他牙齿发育
背景 从发育和进化的角度来看,人类牙列中的牙齿数量是令人感兴趣的。目前的病例对照研究侧重于现代人类第三磨牙的形成,旨在更多地了解牙列中变化最大的牙齿类别。材料和方法出于这个原因,我们调查了 303 名除第三磨牙以外的其他牙齿发育不全的个体(发育不全组)的第三磨牙形成情况,并将其与性别和年龄匹配的对照组进行了比较,该对照组由 303 名除第三磨牙以外的其他牙齿发育不全的个体组成。第三磨牙。结果发育不全组第三磨牙发育不全的发生率为50.8%,明显高于对照组的20.5%(p < 0.001)。发育不全组第三磨牙缺失的几率增加了 38.3%(p < 0.001),在控制了其他牙齿因素的发育不全之后。当考虑每个个体缺失的第三磨牙的数量时,与对照组相比,发育不全组明显倾向于缺失更多的第三磨牙。发育不全组中上颌和下颌双侧第三磨牙缺失的频率为 29%,约为单侧第三磨牙缺失频率的三倍(p < 0.001)。在对照组中,上颌8.6%和下颌8.9%的双侧第三磨牙缺失。结论 目前的结果表明,与牙齿发育不全有关的遗传因素也会影响整个牙列。此外,第三磨牙更容易受到其他牙齿发育不全的因素的影响,并且它们更经常受到整体影响。