当前位置: X-MOL 学术Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
The confidence gap predicts the gender pay gap among STEM graduates
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010269117
Adina D. Sterling 1 , Marissa E. Thompson 2 , Shiya Wang 1 , Abisola Kusimo 3 , Shannon Gilmartin 4 , Sheri Sheppard 3
Affiliation  

Women make less than men in some science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. While explanations for this gender pay gap vary, they have tended to focus on differences that arise for women and men after they have worked for a period of time. In this study we argue that the gender pay gap begins when women and men with earned degrees enter the workforce. Further, we contend the gender pay gap may arise due to cultural beliefs about the appropriateness of women and men for STEM professions that shape individuals’ self-beliefs in the form of self-efficacy. Using a three-wave NSF-funded longitudinal survey of 559 engineering and computer science students that graduated from over two dozen institutions in the United States between 2015 and 2017, we find women earn less than men, net of human capital factors like engineering degree and grade point average, and that the influence of gender on starting salaries is associated with self-efficacy. We find no support for a competing hypothesis that the importance placed on pay explains the pay gap; there is no gender difference in reported importance placed on pay. We also find no support for the idea that women earn less because they place more importance on workplace culture; women do value workplace culture more, but those who hold such values earn more rather than less. Overall, the results suggest that addressing cultural beliefs as manifested in self-beliefs—that is, the confidence gap—commands attention to reduce the gender pay gap.



中文翻译:

信心差距预测STEM毕业生之间的性别薪酬差距

在某些科学,技术,工程和数学(STEM)领域,女性的收入低于男性。尽管对性别工资差异的解释各不相同,但它们往往集中于工作一段时间后男女之间出现的差异。在这项研究中,我们认为性别工资差距始于获得学位的男女进入劳动力市场。此外,我们认为性别工资差异可能是由于人们对男女在STEM职业中的适当性的文化信仰而形成的,这些职业以自我效能的形式塑造了个人的自我信念。我们采用了由美国国家科学基金会(NSF)资助的三波纵向调查,调查了2015年至2017年期间从美国两十几所院校毕业的559名工程和计算机科学专业的学生,净人力资源因素,例如工程学学位和平均绩点,并且性别对起薪的影响与自我效能感相关。我们发现没有任何支持这一假说的支持,因为假说对工资的重视可以解释工资差距。在报酬重要性上没有性别差异。我们也没有支持以下观点:妇女收入减少,因为她们更加重视工作场所文化。妇女的确更重视工作场所文化,但拥有这种价值观的人则赚更多而不是更少。总体而言,研究结果表明,解决自我信念中表现出的文化信念(即,置信水平差距)要求人们注意减少性别工资差距。我们发现没有任何支持这一假说的支持,因为假说对工资的重视可以解释工资差距。在报酬重要性上没有性别差异。我们也没有支持以下观点:妇女收入减少,因为她们更加重视工作场所文化。妇女的确更重视工作场所文化,但拥有这种价值观的人则赚更多而不是更少。总体而言,研究结果表明,解决自我信念中表现出的文化信念(即,置信水平差距)要求人们注意减少性别工资差距。我们发现没有任何支持这一假说的支持,因为假说对工资的重视可以解释工资差距。在报酬重要性上没有性别差异。我们也没有支持以下观点:妇女收入减少,因为她们更加重视工作场所文化。妇女的确更重视工作场所文化,但拥有这种价值观的人则赚更多而不是更少。总体而言,研究结果表明,解决自我信念中表现出的文化信念(即,置信水平差距)要求人们注意减少性别工资差距。但是拥有这种价值观的人赚的多而不是少。总体而言,研究结果表明,解决自我信念中表现出的文化信念(即,置信水平差距)要求人们注意减少性别工资差距。但是拥有这种价值观的人赚的多而不是少。总体而言,研究结果表明,解决自我信念中表现出的文化信念(即,置信水平差距)要求人们注意减少性别工资差距。

更新日期:2020-12-02
down
wechat
bug