Herein, the discharge properties of lithium (Li) anode with FeS₂ cathode system are investigated under different pressure loads, weight percent of Li, temperatures, and current densities to provide a fundamental understanding of the operational safety, electrochemical properties, and optimization parameters for Li anode‐based thermal batteries. The lithium anode was prepared via physically mixing Li with Fe powder. The Li−Si alloy, the most common anode for thermal batteries, was investigated simultaneously to show the clear distinction in electrochemical performance between the Li anode and Li−Si anode. For achieving high operational safety and discharge performance with Li anode, the recommended pressure load and weight percent of Li are below 6 kgf cm⁻² and 15 wt%, respectively, to prevent any leakage or short‐circuiting problems. The discharge at 500 °C and 0.2–0.4 A cm⁻² exhibits the optimal performance for the Li anode and FeS₂ cathode system. Finally, the thermal batteries with 17 cells are manufactured to confirm the aforementioned parameters at −32 and 63 °C to demonstrate that the previous results coincide with the actual battery level experiments. Due to the intertwined nature of the parameters, the optimization should always be conducted in a holistic manner to obtain high‐performance thermal batteries for future military applications.

中文翻译：

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锂阳极/ FeS2阴极电化学性能优化大功率热电池的研究

在本文中，研究了在不同压力负载，Li的重量百分比，温度和电流密度下具有FeS ₂阴极系统的锂（Li）阳极的放电性能，以提供对操作安全性，电化学性能和优化参数的基本了解。锂阳极热电池。锂阳极是通过将Li与Fe粉物理混合而制得的。同时对Li-Si合金（最常见的热电池阳极）进行了研究，以显示Li阳极和Li-Si阳极在电化学性能上的明显区别。为了使用Li阳极实现较高的操作安全性和放电性能，建议的Li压力负载和重量百分比应低于6 kgf cm ^-2和15 wt％分别用于防止任何泄漏或短路问题。在500°C和0.2–0.4 A cm ^-2的放电对Li阳极和FeS ₂阴极系统表现出最佳性能。最后，制造具有17个电池单元的热电池，以在-32和63°C下确认上述参数，以证明先前的结果与实际电池水平实验相符。由于参数相互交织，因此，应始终以整体方式进行优化，以获得用于未来军事应用的高性能热电池。