Neonicotinoids are selective modulators of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). These widely deployed insecticides interact with the orthosteric sites of nAChRs, not only to activate nAChRs on their own, but also to block the desensitizing component of nAChR responses. To date recombinant vertebrate or insect/vertebrate hybrid nAChRs have been deployed to understand the mechanism of selectivity and diversity of neonicotinoid actions as well as to show that both α/α and α/non-α interfaces are involved in the interactions with neonicotinoids. However, many of the fine details of insecticide interactions with sites on nAChRs remain to be resolved. The breakthrough of functional expression of insect nAChRs allows such questions to be addressed, not only for neonicotinoids but for other insecticides targeting insect nAChRs. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

中文翻译：

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昆虫烟碱乙酰胆碱受体的稳健功能表达为新烟碱作用提供了新见解，并为害虫和病媒控制提供了新机会

新烟碱是昆虫烟碱乙酰胆碱受体 (nAChR) 的选择性调节剂。这些广泛部署的杀虫剂与 nAChR 的正构位点相互作用，不仅可以自行激活 nAChR，还可以阻断 nAChR 反应的脱敏成分。迄今为止，重组脊椎动物或昆虫/脊椎动物杂种 nAChR 已被用于了解新烟碱作用的选择性和多样性机制，并表明 α/α 和 α/非 α 界面都参与了与新烟碱的相互作用。然而，杀虫剂与 nAChRs 位点相互作用的许多细节仍有待解决。昆虫 nAChRs 功能表达的突破使得这些问题得以解决，不仅适用于新烟碱类药物，也适用于其他针对昆虫 nAChRs 的杀虫剂。