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Toxicity of Herbicide Mixtures to Tropical Freshwater Microalgae Using a Multispecies Test
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.4932
S Stone 1, 2, 3 , M S Adams 2 , J L Stauber 2 , D F Jolley 1 , M St J Warne 4, 5, 6
Affiliation  

Agriculture within the Great Barrier Reef catchment area has contributed to pesticide contamination of adjacent freshwater ecosystems that flow into the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. A novel multispecies toxicity test was used to assess the toxicity of diuron and hexazinone, 2 herbicides commonly detected within the Great Barrier Reef catchment area, to a community of 3 tropical freshwater microalgae: Monoraphidium arcuatum, Nannochloropsis‐like sp., and Pediastrum duplex. Diuron was the most toxic herbicide, with 10% inhibition concentration (IC10) values of 4.3, 7.1, and 29 µg/L for P. duplex, M. arcuatum, and Nannochloropsis‐like sp., respectively, followed by hexazinone, with IC10 values of 15, 18, and 450 µg/L, respectively Toxicity testing on 2 commercial formulations (Barrage, 13.2% hexazinone and 48.6% diuron; Diurex, 90% diuron) showed that additives in the commercial formulations did not significantly increase the toxicity of diuron. Direct toxicity assessments were carried out on water samples from the herbicide‐contaminated Sandy Creek, which discharges to the Great Barrier Reef lagoon, and a clean reference site, Tully Gorge in the Tully River. Toxicity was observed in several Sandy Creek samples. Artificial herbicide mixtures were assessed in synthetic soft water and natural freshwaters, with toxic responses being observed at environmentally relevant concentrations. The present study successfully applied a novel multispecies tropical microalgal toxicity test, indicating that it is an effective tool for the assessment of herbicide toxicity in both natural and synthetic freshwaters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:473–486. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译:

使用多物种试验确定除草剂混合物对热带淡水微藻的毒性

大堡礁集水区内的农业导致流入大堡礁世界遗产区的邻近淡水生态系统受到农药污染。使用一种新的多物种毒性试验来评估敌草隆和六嗪酮这两种在大堡礁集水区常见的除草剂对 3 种热带淡水微藻群落的毒性弓形单孢霉、类绿藻双链足。敌草隆是毒性最强的除草剂,10% 抑制浓度 (IC10) 值分别为4.3、7.1和 29 µg/L,对P. duplexM. arcuatumNannochloropsis样菌种,其次是六嗪酮,IC10 值分别为 15、18 和 450 µg/L,对 2 种商业制剂(Barrage,13.2% 六嗪酮和 48.6% diuron;Diurex,90% diuron)的毒性测试表明商业配方中的添加剂不会显着增加敌草隆的毒性。对来自受除草剂污染的 Sandy Creek 的水样进行了直接毒性评估,该水样排放到大堡礁泻湖和一个干净的参考地点,塔利河的塔利峡谷。在几个 Sandy Creek 样品中观察到毒性。在合成软水和天然淡水中对人工除草剂混合物进行了评估,并在环境相关浓度下观察到毒性反应。环境毒理学化学2021;40:473-486。© 2020 SETAC
更新日期:2021-01-25
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