Abstract Recently, a hexagonal phase has been reported in high carbon steels in several studies. Here, we show that the electron microscopy results used in these studies were erroneously interpreted. The extra-spots in the diffraction patterns and the odd contrasts in the high resolution images are not those a superstructure but result from double diffraction and streaking effects due to the presence of twins and stacking faults. We point out a similar unfortunate misunderstanding of these effects in papers reporting the existence of a 9R structure in aluminium or copper, or exotic forms of carbon in diamonds.

中文翻译：

---

来自孪晶和堆垛层错的衍射伪影，以及六边形、多型体或其他上层结构的海市蜃楼

摘要 最近，多项研究报道了高碳钢中存在六方相。在这里，我们表明这些研究中使用的电子显微镜结果被错误解释。衍射图案中的额外斑点和高分辨率图像中的奇怪对比度不是那些上层结构，而是由于孪晶和堆垛层错的存在而导致的双重衍射和条纹效应。我们在报告铝或铜中存在 9R 结构或钻石中奇异形式的碳的论文中指出了对这些影响的类似不幸误解。