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An unsupervised deep-learning method for porosity estimation based on poststack seismic data
Geophysics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 , DOI: 10.1190/geo2020-0121.1
Runhai Feng 1 , Thomas Mejer Hansen 2 , Dario Grana 3 , Niels Balling 2
Affiliation  

We propose to invert reservoir porosity from poststack seismic data using an innovative approach based on deep-learning methods. We develop an unsupervised approach to circumvent the requirement of large volumes of labeled data sets for a conventional learning process. We apply convolutional neural networks (CNN) on seismic data to predict the relative porosity that is to be added to a low-frequency prior component. We then apply a forward model to synthesize seismic data based on a source wavelet and an acoustic impedance converted from the network-determined porosity. The parameters in the CNN are iteratively updated to minimize the error between recorded and simulated seismic data. We test the capability of our deep-learning approach to estimate reservoir porosity using a synthetic rock-physics model with two different signal-to-noise ratios. We also apply the proposed method to a real case study of seismic data acquired for hydrocarbon exploration of clastic reservoirs in the Vienna Basin. Instead of randomly assigning neural parameters, we use pretrained weights and biases at a previous location as initialization values for the next location, to preserve the geologically lateral continuity of the layers’ physical properties. As shown by these analyses, the unsupervised CNN-based scheme provides more or equally accurate results than standard methods for porosity estimation from seismically inverted acoustic impedance, which makes it a promising tool in seismic reservoir characterization with less user intervention.

中文翻译:

基于叠后地震数据的孔隙度估计的无监督深度学习方法

我们建议使用一种基于深度学习方法的创新方法,根据叠后地震数据反演储层孔隙度。我们开发了一种无监督方法来规避常规学习过程中大量标记数据集的需求。我们在地震数据上应用卷积神经网络(CNN)来预测要添加到低频先验分量中的相对孔隙度。然后,我们基于源小波和从网络确定的孔隙度转换而来的声阻抗,应用前向模型来合成地震数据。CNN中的参数会进行迭代更新,以最大程度地减少记录的地震数据和模拟的地震数据之间的误差。我们使用具有两种不同信噪比的合成岩石物理学模型,测试了我们的深度学习方法估算储层孔隙度的能力。我们还将提出的方法应用于在维也纳盆地碎屑油藏油气勘探中获得的地震数据的真实案例研究。代替随机分配神经参数,我们使用前一个位置的预训练权重和偏差作为下一个位置的初始化值,以保留层物理属性的地质横向连续性。如这些分析所示,基于无监督CNN的方案比基于地震倒置声阻抗估算孔隙度的标准方法提供的结果更准确或相等,这使其成为具有较少用户干预的地震储层表征的有前途的工具。代替随机分配神经参数,我们使用前一个位置的预训练权重和偏差作为下一个位置的初始化值,以保留层物理属性的地质横向连续性。如这些分析所示,基于无监督CNN的方案比基于地震倒置声阻抗估算孔隙度的标准方法提供的结果更准确或相等,这使其成为具有较少用户干预的地震储层表征的有前途的工具。代替随机分配神经参数,我们使用前一个位置的预训练权重和偏差作为下一个位置的初始化值,以保留层物理属性的地质横向连续性。如这些分析所示,基于无监督CNN的方案比基于地震倒置声阻抗估算孔隙度的标准方法提供的结果更准确或相等,这使其成为具有较少用户干预的地震储层表征的有前途的工具。
更新日期:2020-11-16
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