Abstract

The evolution/degradation of the structure and phase composition of rail head material of 100-meter differentially quenched rails after extremely long-term operation is analyzed. It is shown that similar conditions of loading result in different structural transformations on the rail head surface. The formation of lattice curvature in crystal interstitial sites and initiation of highly mobile interstitial structural states there cause a dissolution of pearlite. It occurs at a depth of ≈10 mm. It is superimposed by the formation of a nanoscale substructure in the tread surface in a layer ≈2 mm thick. The nanoparticles of the carbide phase precipitate on the boundaries of the substructure. The failure of the rail metal will proceed, in the first place, in the surface layer where a critical level of the crystal lattice curvature is formed and the concentration of interstitial vacancies is maximum.

中文翻译：

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长期运行下晶格曲率在轨道金属表面层结构退化中的作用

摘要

分析了100米差异淬火钢轨在极长期运行后的组织结构和相组成的演变/退化。结果表明，相似的加载条件会导致轨头表面发生不同的结构转换。晶体间隙位置中晶格曲率的形成以及在那里高度可移动的间隙结构状态的起始引起珠光体的溶解。它发生在≈10mm的深度。通过在胎面表面形成≈2mm厚的纳米级子结构来叠加它。碳化物相的纳米颗粒沉淀在子结构的边界上。首先，铁轨的故障将继续，