The statistical characteristics of the dependences of the fluorescence signal of analytical systems as a function of the integral parameters of the structure of fluorescent reagents and cationic surfactants on their association in aqueous solutions has been investigated. Molecular weight, surface area, and their first-order molecular connectivity index have been taken as parameters of the structure of the reagents and cationic surfactants. The influence of the hydrophobicity of the reagent and cationic surfactants, such as the octanol–water distribution constant and octanol–water partition coefficient, on the fluorescence signal of the reagent–cationic surfactant associates have also been investigated. It is shown that the associates of anionic reagents with cationic surfactant counter ions are characterised by high stability and a higher analytical signal compared with associates in which there is no electrostatic attraction between the reagent and the surfactant ion. The effect of hydrophobicity of the reagent and cationic surfactant in the absence of electrostatic attraction between the interacting particles is similar. The increase in the role of the influence of the structure of cationic reagents in their association with cationic surfactants, when the electrostatic attraction is absent and the stability of the associates is due mainly to hydrophobic interactions, is noticeable. The regularities of the influence of the colloid-chemical state on the analytical signal of associated cationic surfactants in solutions have been investigated. The study made it possible to formulate a rational basis for the search and design of analytical systems for the determination of large cations by the fluorescence method.

已经研究了分析系统的荧光信号依赖于荧光试剂和阳离子表面活性剂结构的积分参数在水溶液中的缔合的统计特性。分子量，表面积和它们的一级分子连接指数已被用作试剂和阳离子表面活性剂的结构参数。还研究了试剂和阳离子表面活性剂的疏水性，例如辛醇-水的分布常数和辛醇-水的分配系数，对试剂-阳离子表面活性剂缔合物的荧光信号的影响。结果表明，与试剂和表面活性剂离子之间没有静电吸引的缔合体相比，阴离子试剂与阳离子表面活性剂抗衡离子的缔合体具有较高的稳定性和更高的分析信号。在相互作用的颗粒之间没有静电吸引的情况下，试剂和阳离子表面活性剂的疏水性作用是相似的。当不存在静电吸引并且缔合体的稳定性主要是由于疏水相互作用时，阳离子试剂与阳离子表面活性剂的结合对结构的影响作用的增加是明显的。研究了胶体化学状态对溶液中相关阳离子表面活性剂分析信号影响的规律。