The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is one of the most important characteristics of an ocean model run. Using the depth (z) and density frameworks, we analyze how the sinking and diapycnal transformations defining the AMOC as well as AMOC strength and variability react to mesh refinement from low to higher resolution in two model runs driven by the CORE‐II forcing. Both runs can represent the key locations of sinking and diapycnal transformations behind AMOC, that is, northeastern North Atlantic. Although their spatial patterns do not change significantly with resolution in both frameworks as the consequence of the same atmospheric forcing, the quantitative differences, reaching several sverdrups, are seen in different locations between two model runs for both frameworks. In particular, the refinement leads to the strongest differences in the vertical transport and diapycnal transformations in the latitude range between 30°N and 55°N. The z framework emphasizes the role of localized upwelling around the Gulf Stream separation site, whereas the density framework emphasizes the contribution of (spurious) diapycnal mixing around the Grand Banks. Both effects are reduced in the higher‐resolution run, leading to higher AMOC south of 26°N as compared to the low‐resolution run, despite the AMOC maxima, located at high latitudes, are higher in the low‐resolution run. We suggest that both AMOC frameworks should be used routinely in standard analyses, including forthcoming intercomparison projects.

中文翻译：

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AMOC，水质转换及其对有限体积海冰-海洋模型中分辨率变化的响应

大西洋子午翻转环流（AMOC）是海洋模型运行的最重要特征之一。使用深度（z）和密度框架，我们将分析定义AMOC的下沉和径向变换以及AMOC强度和可变性如何在CORE-II强迫驱动的两个模型运行中对从低分辨率到高分辨率的网格细化做出反应。两次运行都可以代表AMOC（即北大西洋东北部）下沉和海盆转变的关键位置。尽管由于相同的大气强迫，两个框架的空间格局不会随着分辨率的变化而显着变化，但在两个框架的两个模型运行之间的不同位置，都可以看到达到几个sverdrups的定量差异。特别是，在30°N到55°N的纬度范围内，细化会导致垂直传输和径向转换的最大差异。z框架强调了墨西哥湾流分离点周围局部上升流的作用，而密度框架则强调了大河岸附近（伪）diapycnal混合的贡献。尽管低分辨率运行的AMOC最大值较高，但在高分辨率运行中这两种效果均降低了，与低分辨率运行相比，导致AMOC在26°N以南更高。我们建议两个AMOC框架都应在标准分析（包括即将进行的比对项目）中例行使用。尽管低海拔地区的AMOC最大值位于高纬度地区，但与低分辨率地区相比，导致AMOC在26°N以南更高。我们建议在标准分析中（包括即将进行的比对项目）应常规使用两个AMOC框架。尽管低海拔地区的AMOC最大值位于高纬度地区，但与低分辨率地区相比，导致AMOC在26°N以南更高。我们建议在标准分析中（包括即将进行的比对项目）应常规使用两个AMOC框架。