Smart grid has been acknowledged as the next-generation intelligent network that optimizes energy efficiency. Primarily through a bidirectional communication channel, suppliers and users can dynamically adjust power transmission in real time. Nonetheless, many security issues occur with the widespread deployment of smart grid, e.g., centralized register authority and potential Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack. These existing problems threaten the availability of smart grid. In this paper, we mainly focus on solving some identity authentication issues remained in the smart grid. Combined with blockchain, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), dynamic Join-and-Exit mechanism and batch verification, a reliable and efficient authentication protocol is proposed for smart meters and utility centers. Simultaneously, the provable security of this protocol is assured by the computational hard problem assumptions. Experiment results show that our protocol has achieved security and performance improvement compared with the other ECC related schemes.

智能电网已被公认为是优化能源效率的下一代智能网络。主要通过双向通信渠道，供应商和用户可以实时动态调整功率传输。但是，随着智能电网的广泛部署，仍然会出现许多安全问题，例如，集中式注册机构和潜在的分布式拒绝服务（DDoS）攻击。这些现有问题威胁着智能电网的可用性。在本文中，我们主要集中于解决智能电网中仍然存在的一些身份认证问题。结合区块链，椭圆曲线密码学（ECC），动态的加入和退出机制以及批量验证，为智能电表和公用事业中心提出了可靠而有效的身份验证协议。同时，计算难题的假设确保了该协议可证明的安全性。实验结果表明，与其他ECC相关方案相比，我们的协议在安全性和性能上都有改进。