Establishment and spread of introduced species are difficult to predict because they are subject to a myriad of factors. A hypothesis which integrates multiple ecological processes, such as the species interaction-abiotic stress hypothesis (SIASH), may improve our ability to predict introduction success (i.e. establishment and spread). SIASH postulates that, along an environmental gradient, species’ range limits are set by abiotic stress at the environmentally harsh end of that gradient and by species interactions at the environmentally benign end of the gradient. Given that species richness increases nearer the equator and that climate becomes harsher (colder) nearer the poles, latitude represents a useful gradient with which to test simple predictions of SIASH. In order to test whether non-native ranges conform to the predictions of SIASH, we evaluated non-native latitudinal range size data for 195 cross-continental, naturalized introductions of 140 animal and plant species. Median latitude of native range was positively related to range size in the introduced zone, such that species native to high latitudes occupied larger introduced ranges than species native to low latitudes. Furthermore, temperate native species occupied larger latitudinal ranges when introduced to tropical and subtropical zones than did tropical native species introduced to temperate zones. Our results suggest that where a species originates is as important as where it is introduced for predicting introduction success. Abiotic stress from cold more strongly constrains the range extents of introduced species than species interactions, which is particularly pronounced for species originating from tropical regions. Future work should determine how species interactions and abiotic stress jointly explain other components of non-native species’ success across different spatial gradients to better integrate SIASH into invasion biology.

引入物种的建立和传播很难预测，因为它们受多种因素的影响。结合了多种生态过程的假说，例如物种相互作用-非生物胁迫假说（SIASH），可能会提高我们预测引种成功（即建立和传播）的能力。SIASH假设，沿着环境梯度，物种的范围极限是由该梯度的环境恶劣端处的非生物胁迫和梯度的环境良性端处的物种相互作用所决定的。鉴于靠近赤道的物种丰富度增加且靠近两极的气候变得更恶劣（冷），因此纬度代表一个有用的梯度，可用来测试SIASH的简单预测。为了测试非本地范围是否符合SIASH的预测，我们评估了140种动植物物种的195种跨大陆自然归化的非原生纬度范围大小数据。原生范围的中度纬度与引入区域的范围大小成正相关，因此，高纬度原生的物种比低纬度物种所占的引入范围更大。此外，引入热带和亚热带地区的温带本地物种比引入温带区域的热带本地物种占据更大的纬度范围。我们的研究结果表明，物种的起源与引进的物种对于预测引进的成功一样重要。与物种相互作用相比，来自寒冷的非生物胁迫更强烈地限制了引入物种的范围范围，对于来自热带地区的物种尤其明显。未来的工作应确定物种相互作用和非生物胁迫如何共同解释非本地物种在不同空间梯度上的成功的其他组成部分，以更好地将SIASH整合到入侵生物学中。