l-Tyrosine is an aromatic, polar, non-essential amino acid that contains a highly reactive α-amino, α-carboxyl, and phenolic hydroxyl group. Derivatization of these functional groups can produce chemicals, such as l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, tyramine, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which are widely employed in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries. In this review, we summarize typical l-tyrosine derivatizations catalyzed by enzymatic biocatalysts, as well as the strategies and challenges associated with their production processes. Finally, we discuss future perspectives pertaining to the enzymatic production of l-tyrosine derivatives.

Key points

• Summary of recent advances in enzyme-catalyzed l-tyrosine derivatization.

• Highlights of relevant strategies involved in l-tyrosine derivatives biosynthesis.

• Future perspectives on industrial applications of l-tyrosine derivatization.

1-酪氨酸是芳香族，极性非必需氨基酸，包含高反应性的α-氨基，α-羧基和酚羟基。这些官能团的衍生化可以产生化学物质，如升-3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸，酪胺，4-羟苯丙酮酸，和苄基异生物碱，其在药物，食品和化妆品工业中广泛使用。在这次审查中，我们总结典型升酶法生物催化剂催化酪氨酸衍生，以及与生产过程相关的策略和挑战。最后，我们讨论了有关酶催化生产1-酪氨酸衍生物的未来观点。

关键点

•酶催化的1-酪氨酸衍生化的最新进展概述。

•涉及1-酪氨酸衍生物生物合成的相关策略的重点。

•对工业应用的未来前景升酪氨酸衍生。